Launch Instance
Modes
Levels of detail in the response - list, normal, detailed
Example - /launches/?mode=list
Filters
Parameters - agency_launch_attempt_count, agency_launch_attempt_count__gt, agency_launch_attempt_count__gte, agency_launch_attempt_count__lt, agency_launch_attempt_count__lte, agency_launch_attempt_count_year, agency_launch_attempt_count_year__gt, agency_launch_attempt_count_year__gte, agency_launch_attempt_count_year__lt, agency_launch_attempt_count_year__lte, day, id, include_suborbital, is_crewed, last_updated__gte, last_updated__lte, launch_designator, launcher_config__id, location__ids, location_launch_attempt_count, location_launch_attempt_count__gt, location_launch_attempt_count__gte, location_launch_attempt_count__lt, location_launch_attempt_count__lte, location_launch_attempt_count_year, location_launch_attempt_count_year__gt, location_launch_attempt_count_year__gte, location_launch_attempt_count_year__lt, location_launch_attempt_count_year__lte, lsp__id, lsp__name, mission__orbit__celestial_body__id, mission__orbit__name, mission__orbit__name__icontains, month, name, net__gt, net__gte, net__lt, net__lte, orbital_launch_attempt_count, orbital_launch_attempt_count__gt, orbital_launch_attempt_count__gte, orbital_launch_attempt_count__lt, orbital_launch_attempt_count__lte, orbital_launch_attempt_count_year, orbital_launch_attempt_count_year__gt, orbital_launch_attempt_count_year__gte, orbital_launch_attempt_count_year__lt, orbital_launch_attempt_count_year__lte, pad, pad__location, pad__location__celestial_body__id, pad_launch_attempt_count, pad_launch_attempt_count__gt, pad_launch_attempt_count__gte, pad_launch_attempt_count__lt, pad_launch_attempt_count__lte, pad_launch_attempt_count_year, pad_launch_attempt_count_year__gt, pad_launch_attempt_count_year__gte, pad_launch_attempt_count_year__lt, pad_launch_attempt_count_year__lte, program, related_lsp__id, related_lsp__name, rocket__configuration__full_name, rocket__configuration__full_name__icontains, rocket__configuration__id, rocket__configuration__manufacturer__name, rocket__configuration__manufacturer__name__icontains, rocket__configuration__name, rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__id, rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name, rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name__icontains, serial_number, slug, spacecraft_config__ids, status, status__ids, video_url, window_end__gt, window_end__gte, window_end__lt, window_end__lte, window_start__gt, window_start__gte, window_start__lt, window_start__lte, year
Example - /launches/?pad__location=13
Search
Fields searched - launch_designator, launch_service_provider__name, mission__name, name, pad__location__name, pad__name, rocket__configuration__manufacturer__abbrev, rocket__configuration__manufacturer__name, rocket__configuration__name, rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name
Example - /launches/?search=Starlink
Ordering
Fields - id, last_updated, name, net
Example - /launches/?ordering=-last_updated
Number of results
Use limit to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)
Example - /launches/?limit=2
Format
Switch to JSON output - /launches/?format=json
Help
Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - ll.thespacedevs.com/docs
GET /2.3.0/launches/ad18f1d5-0cf8-49a1-a58b-ed36bee7af79/?format=api
{ "id": "ad18f1d5-0cf8-49a1-a58b-ed36bee7af79", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/launches/ad18f1d5-0cf8-49a1-a58b-ed36bee7af79/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle Challenger / OV-099 | STS-51-F", "response_mode": "detailed", "slug": "space-shuttle-challenger-ov-099-sts-51-f", "launch_designator": "1985-063", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2024-06-13T18:55:00Z", "net": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 0, "name": "Second", "abbrev": "SEC", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the second." }, "window_end": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "window_start": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "image": { "id": 1840, "name": "[AUTO] Space Shuttle - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space_shuttle_image_20230422074810.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305193916.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "infographic": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 192, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/192/?format=api", "name": "Lockheed Space Operations Company", "abbrev": "LSOC", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Commercial" }, "featured": false, "country": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "description": null, "administrator": null, "founding_year": null, "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "", "parent": null, "image": null, "logo": null, "social_logo": null, "total_launch_count": 65, "consecutive_successful_launches": 49, "successful_launches": 64, "failed_launches": 1, "pending_launches": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "successful_landings_spacecraft": 0, "failed_landings_spacecraft": 0, "attempted_landings_spacecraft": 0, "successful_landings_payload": 0, "failed_landings_payload": 0, "attempted_landings_payload": 0, "info_url": "", "wiki_url": "", "social_media_links": [] }, "rocket": { "id": 308, "configuration": { "response_mode": "detailed", "id": 493, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/launcher_configurations/493/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "families": [], "full_name": "Space Shuttle", "variant": "", "active": false, "is_placeholder": false, "manufacturer": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" }, "featured": true, "country": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Acting Administrator: James Free", "founding_year": 1958, "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image": { "id": 19, "name": "[AUTO] National Aeronautics and Space Administration - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305184631.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "logo": { "id": 161, "name": "[AUTO] National Aeronautics and Space Administration - logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185043.png", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "social_logo": { "id": 76, "name": "[AUTO] National Aeronautics and Space Administration - social_logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_nation_20230803040809.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305184823.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "total_launch_count": 141, "consecutive_successful_launches": 11, "successful_launches": 121, "failed_launches": 20, "pending_launches": 6, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "successful_landings_spacecraft": 178, "failed_landings_spacecraft": 2, "attempted_landings_spacecraft": 180, "successful_landings_payload": 0, "failed_landings_payload": 0, "attempted_landings_payload": 0, "info_url": "http://www.nasa.gov", "wiki_url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration", "social_media_links": [] }, "program": [ { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/programs/6/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "image": { "id": 1886, "name": "[AUTO] Space Shuttle - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520shutt_program_20200820202237.png", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194036.png", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/index.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program", "description": "The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.", "agencies": [ { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } } ], "start_date": "1981-04-12T12:00:03Z", "end_date": "2011-07-08T15:29:00Z", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Human Spaceflight" } } ], "reusable": true, "image": { "id": 1840, "name": "[AUTO] Space Shuttle - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space_shuttle_image_20230422074810.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305193916.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle", "description": "The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS). Five complete Space Shuttle orbiter vehicles were built and flown on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011.", "alias": "", "min_stage": 2, "max_stage": 2, "length": 56.1, "diameter": 8.0, "maiden_flight": "1981-04-12", "launch_cost": 450000000, "launch_mass": 2030.0, "leo_capacity": 27500.0, "gto_capacity": null, "geo_capacity": null, "sso_capacity": null, "to_thrust": 28200.0, "apogee": null, "total_launch_count": 135, "consecutive_successful_launches": 22, "successful_launches": 133, "failed_launches": 2, "pending_launches": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "fastest_turnaround": "P15DT18H9M36S" }, "launcher_stage": [], "spacecraft_stage": [ { "id": 62, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_flights/62/?format=api", "destination": "Low Earth Orbit", "mission_end": "1985-08-06T19:45:00Z", "spacecraft": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/37/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle Challenger", "serial_number": "OV-099", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1965, "name": "Spaceshuttle Challenger in orbit", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/spaceshuttle_ch_image_20240309151332.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/spaceshuttle_ch_image_thumbnail_20240309151332.jpeg", "credit": "NASA", "license": { "id": 4, "name": "NASA Image and Media Guidelines", "priority": 0, "link": "https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-brand-center/images-and-media/" }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P62DT7H51M50S", "time_docked": "P1DT19H34M9S", "flights_count": 10, "mission_ends_count": 10, "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Destroyed" }, "description": "Space Shuttle Challenger (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-099) was the second orbiter of NASA's space shuttle program to be put into service, after Columbia. Challenger was built by Rockwell International's Space Transportation Systems Division, in Downey, California. Its maiden flight, STS-6, began on April 4, 1983. The orbiter was launched and landed nine times before breaking apart 73 seconds into its tenth mission, STS-51-L, on January 28, 1986, resulting in the death of all seven crew members, including a civilian school teacher. It was the first of two shuttles to be destroyed in flight, the other being Columbia, in 2003. The accident led to a two-and-a-half-year grounding of the shuttle fleet; flights resumed in 1988, with STS-26 flown by Discovery. Challenger was replaced by Endeavour, which was built from structural spares ordered by NASA in the construction contracts for Discovery and Atlantis.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "detailed", "id": 14, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/14/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Spaceplane" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" }, "featured": true, "country": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Acting Administrator: James Free", "founding_year": 1958, "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image": { "id": 19, "name": "[AUTO] National Aeronautics and Space Administration - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305184631.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "logo": { "id": 161, "name": "[AUTO] National Aeronautics and Space Administration - logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185043.png", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "social_logo": { "id": 76, "name": "[AUTO] National Aeronautics and Space Administration - social_logo", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_nation_20230803040809.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305184823.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "family": [], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1934, "name": "[AUTO] Space Shuttle - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520shuttle_image_20190207032524.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194159.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "capability": "Carrying a crew of 7 astronauts along with cargo to Low Earth Orbit.", "history": "The Space shuttle was a United States space craft. Following the conclusion of the Apollo program the Space Shuttle intended to lower costs for reliable access to Low Earth Orbit. The program ran from 1981-2011.", "details": "The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable LEO spacecraft system operated by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS), taken from a 1969 plan for a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development. The first of four orbital test flights occurred in 1981, leading to operational flights in 1982. In addition to the prototype whose completion was cancelled, five complete Shuttle systems were built and used on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011, launched from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. Operational missions launched numerous satellites, interplanetary probes, and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST); conducted science experiments in orbit; and participated in construction and servicing of the International Space Station. The Shuttle fleet's total mission time was 1322 days, 19 hours, 21 minutes and 23 seconds.", "maiden_flight": "1981-04-12", "height": 56.1, "diameter": 8.7, "human_rated": true, "crew_capacity": 7, "payload_capacity": 27500, "payload_return_capacity": null, "flight_life": "14 days", "wiki_link": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle", "info_link": "", "spacecraft_flown": 5, "total_launch_count": 135, "successful_launches": 133, "failed_launches": 2, "attempted_landings": 134, "successful_landings": 133, "failed_landings": 1, "fastest_turnaround": "P50DT7H29M" }, "fastest_turnaround": "P55DT1H42M5S" }, "landing": { "id": 947, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/landings/947/?format=api", "attempt": true, "success": true, "description": "Space Shuttle Challenger successfully landed at Edwards Air Force Base after this mission.", "downrange_distance": null, "landing_location": { "id": 23, "name": "Edwards Air Force Base", "active": true, "abbrev": "KEDW", "description": "Edwards Air Force Base in California.", "location": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 162, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/locations/162/?format=api", "name": "Edwards Air Force Base", "active": true, "country": { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" }, "description": "Edwards Air Force Base is a United States Air Force installation in California. Edwards is the home of the Air Force Test Center, Air Force Test Pilot School, and NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center. It is the Air Force Materiel Command center for conducting and supporting research and development of flight, as well as testing and evaluating aerospace systems from concept to combat. It also hosts many test activities conducted by America's commercial aerospace industry.", "image": { "id": 2202, "name": "Edwards Air Force Base from space", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/edwards_air_for_image_20240918153919.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/edwards_air_for_image_thumbnail_20240918153919.jpeg", "credit": "NASA", "license": { "id": 4, "name": "NASA Image and Media Guidelines", "priority": 0, "link": "https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-brand-center/images-and-media/" }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_edwards_air_force_base_20230422085221.jpg", "longitude": -117.883611, "latitude": 34.905556, "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 0, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "longitude": -117.883611, "latitude": 34.905556, "image": { "id": 2233, "name": "Edwards AFB", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/edwards_afb_image_20240920091207.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/edwards_afb_image_thumbnail_20240920091207.jpeg", "credit": "USAF", "license": { "id": 17, "name": "Department of Defense Image Use Policy", "priority": 6, "link": "https://www.dimoc.mil/resources/limitations/" }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "successful_landings": 66, "attempted_landings": 66, "failed_landings": 0, "celestial_body": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 1, "name": "Earth", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Planet" }, "diameter": 12742000.0, "mass": 5.972168e+24, "gravity": 9.80655, "length_of_day": "1 00:00:00", "atmosphere": true, "image": { "id": 2040, "name": "Earth (Apollo 17)", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/earth_2528apol_image_20240402194304.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/earth_2528apol_image_thumbnail_20240402194305.jpeg", "credit": "NASA", "license": { "id": 4, "name": "NASA Image and Media Guidelines", "priority": 0, "link": "https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-brand-center/images-and-media/" }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "description": "Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth" } }, "type": { "id": 6, "name": "Horizontal Landing", "abbrev": "HL", "description": "Horizontal landing on a runway or flat surface." } }, "duration": "P7DT22H45M", "turn_around_time": "P84DT4H49M", "response_mode": "detailed", "launch_crew": [ { "id": 1284, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 329, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/329/?format=api", "name": "C. Gordon Fullerton", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 851, "name": "[AUTO] C. Gordon Fullerton - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/c.2520gordon2520fullerton_image_20181202093753.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190938.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 76, "date_of_birth": "1936-10-11", "date_of_death": "2013-08-21", "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Charles Gordon Fullerton was a United States Air Force colonel, a USAF and NASA astronaut, and a research pilot at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, California.[1] His assignments included a variety of flight research and support activities piloting NASA's B-52 launch aircraft, the Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA), and other multi-engine and high performance aircraft. Fullerton, who logged more than 380 hours in space flight, was a NASA astronaut from September 1969 until November 1986 when he joined the research pilot office at Dryden. In July 1988, he completed a 30-year career with the U.S. Air Force and retired as a colonel. He continued in his position of NASA research pilot as a civilian. Fullerton and his wife and their two children lived in Lancaster, California.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._Gordon_Fullerton", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1982-03-22T16:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 1285, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 365, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/365/?format=api", "name": "Roy D. Bridges Jr.", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 341, "name": "[AUTO] Roy D. Bridges Jr. - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/roy2520d.2520bridges2520jr._image_20181202112400.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185612.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 81, "date_of_birth": "1943-07-19", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Roy Dubard Bridges Jr. is an American pilot, engineer, retired United States Air Force officer, test pilot, former NASA astronaut and the former Director of NASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center and Langley Research Center. As a command pilot, he has over 4,460 flying hours.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_D._Bridges_Jr.", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 1287, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 321, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/321/?format=api", "name": "Anthony W. England", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 573, "name": "[AUTO] Anthony W. England - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/anthony2520w.2520england_image_20181202092815.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190216.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 82, "date_of_birth": "1942-05-15", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Anthony Wayne England better known as Tony England, is an American, former NASA astronaut. Selected in 1967, England was among a group of astronauts who served as backups during the Apollo and Skylab programs. Like most others in his class, he flew during the Space Shuttle program, serving as a mission specialist on STS-51F in 1985. He has logged more than 3,000 hours of flying time and 188 hours in space.\r\n\r\nEngland helped develop and use radars to probe the Moon on Apollo 17 and glaciers in Washington and Alaska. He participated in and led field parties during two seasons in Antarctica.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_W._England", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 1289, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 594, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/594/?format=api", "name": "John-David F. Bartoe", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 166, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/166/?format=api", "name": "US Navy", "abbrev": "USN", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 252, "name": "[AUTO] John-David F. Bartoe - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/john-david2520f.2520bartoe_image_20181207225726.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185337.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 80, "date_of_birth": "1944-11-17", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "John-David Francis Bartoe (born November 17, 1944 in Abington, Pennsylvania) is an American astrophysicist. He is the Research Manager for the International Space Station (ISS) at NASA's Johnson Space Center. He provides oversight for the Program Manager concerning the research capability, research hardware, and research plans of the ISS. As a civilian employee of the US Navy, he flew aboard Space Shuttle mission STS-51-F as a Payload Specialist.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John-David_F._Bartoe", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 1286, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 133, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/133/?format=api", "name": "Karl Henize", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 335, "name": "[AUTO] Karl Henize - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/karl2520g.2520henize_image_20181129204738.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185603.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 66, "date_of_birth": "1926-10-17", "date_of_death": "1993-10-05", "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Karl Gordon Henize, Ph.D. was an American astronomer, space scientist, NASA astronaut, and professor at Northwestern University. Henize was selected as a scientist-astronaut by NASA in August 1967. Henize was a mission specialist on the Spacelab-2 mission (STS-51-F) which launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on July 29, 1985.\r\n\r\nHe died in 1993, during a Mount Everest expedition. The purpose of this expedition was to test for NASA a meter called a Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (TEPC): testing at different altitudes (17,000 ft, 19,000 ft and 21,000 ft) would reveal how people’s bodies would be affected, including the way bodily tissues behaved, when struck by radiation, and this was important for the planning of long duration space missions.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Gordon_Henize", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 1288, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 593, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/593/?format=api", "name": "Loren Acton", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 82, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/82/?format=api", "name": "Lockheed Martin", "abbrev": "LMT", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Commercial" } }, "image": { "id": 854, "name": "[AUTO] Loren Acton - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/loren2520acton_image_20190211162607.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190943.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 5, "name": "Payload Specialist" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 89, "date_of_birth": "1936-03-07", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Loren Wilber Acton (born March 7, 1936) is an American physicist who flew on Space Shuttle mission STS-51-F as a Payload Specialist for the Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loren_Acton", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 167, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 324, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/324/?format=api", "name": "Story Musgrave", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 645, "name": "[AUTO] Story Musgrave - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/story2520musgrave_image_20181202093148.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190410.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P54DT9H55M43S", "eva_time": "P1DT2H12M", "age": 89, "date_of_birth": "1935-08-19", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Franklin Story Musgrave, M.D. is an American physician and a retired NASA astronaut. He is a public speaker[2] and consultant to both Disney's Imagineering group and Applied Minds in California. In 1996 he became only the second astronaut to fly on six spaceflights, and he is the most formally educated astronaut with six academic degrees.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Story_Musgrave", "last_flight": "1996-11-19T19:55:47Z", "first_flight": "1983-04-04T18:30:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } } ], "onboard_crew": [], "landing_crew": [ { "id": 164, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 329, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/329/?format=api", "name": "C. Gordon Fullerton", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 851, "name": "[AUTO] C. Gordon Fullerton - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/c.2520gordon2520fullerton_image_20181202093753.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190938.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 76, "date_of_birth": "1936-10-11", "date_of_death": "2013-08-21", "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Charles Gordon Fullerton was a United States Air Force colonel, a USAF and NASA astronaut, and a research pilot at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, California.[1] His assignments included a variety of flight research and support activities piloting NASA's B-52 launch aircraft, the Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA), and other multi-engine and high performance aircraft. Fullerton, who logged more than 380 hours in space flight, was a NASA astronaut from September 1969 until November 1986 when he joined the research pilot office at Dryden. In July 1988, he completed a 30-year career with the U.S. Air Force and retired as a colonel. He continued in his position of NASA research pilot as a civilian. Fullerton and his wife and their two children lived in Lancaster, California.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._Gordon_Fullerton", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1982-03-22T16:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 165, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 365, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/365/?format=api", "name": "Roy D. Bridges Jr.", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 341, "name": "[AUTO] Roy D. Bridges Jr. - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/roy2520d.2520bridges2520jr._image_20181202112400.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185612.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 81, "date_of_birth": "1943-07-19", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Roy Dubard Bridges Jr. is an American pilot, engineer, retired United States Air Force officer, test pilot, former NASA astronaut and the former Director of NASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center and Langley Research Center. As a command pilot, he has over 4,460 flying hours.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_D._Bridges_Jr.", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 168, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 321, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/321/?format=api", "name": "Anthony W. England", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 573, "name": "[AUTO] Anthony W. England - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/anthony2520w.2520england_image_20181202092815.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190216.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 82, "date_of_birth": "1942-05-15", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Anthony Wayne England better known as Tony England, is an American, former NASA astronaut. Selected in 1967, England was among a group of astronauts who served as backups during the Apollo and Skylab programs. Like most others in his class, he flew during the Space Shuttle program, serving as a mission specialist on STS-51F in 1985. He has logged more than 3,000 hours of flying time and 188 hours in space.\r\n\r\nEngland helped develop and use radars to probe the Moon on Apollo 17 and glaciers in Washington and Alaska. He participated in and led field parties during two seasons in Antarctica.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_W._England", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 170, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 594, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/594/?format=api", "name": "John-David F. Bartoe", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 166, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/166/?format=api", "name": "US Navy", "abbrev": "USN", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 252, "name": "[AUTO] John-David F. Bartoe - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/john-david2520f.2520bartoe_image_20181207225726.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185337.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 80, "date_of_birth": "1944-11-17", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "John-David Francis Bartoe (born November 17, 1944 in Abington, Pennsylvania) is an American astrophysicist. He is the Research Manager for the International Space Station (ISS) at NASA's Johnson Space Center. He provides oversight for the Program Manager concerning the research capability, research hardware, and research plans of the ISS. As a civilian employee of the US Navy, he flew aboard Space Shuttle mission STS-51-F as a Payload Specialist.", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John-David_F._Bartoe", "last_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-07-29T21:00:00Z", "social_media_links": [] } }, { "id": 166, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 133, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/133/?format=api", "name": "Karl Henize", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "abbrev": "NASA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "image": { "id": 335, "name": "[AUTO] Karl Henize - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/karl2520g.2520henize_image_20181129204738.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185603.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "response_mode": "list", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT22H45M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 66, "date_of_birth": "1926-10-17", "date_of_death": "1993-10-05", "nationality": [ { "id": 2, "name": "United States of America", "alpha_2_code": "US", "alpha_3_code": "USA", "nationality_name": "American", "nationality_name_composed": "Americano" } ], "bio": "Karl Gordon Henize, Ph.D. was an American astronomer, space scientist, NASA astronaut, and professor at Northwestern University. 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