Spaceflight Flight Instance
API endpoint that allows a flight of a specific Spacecraft instances to be viewed.
GET: Return a list of all the existing Spacecraft flights.
FILTERS: Parameters - 'spacecraft' Example - /api/2.2.0/spacecraft/flight/?spacecraft=37
GET /2.2.0/spacecraft/flight/67/?format=api
{ "id": 67, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/spacecraft/flight/67/?format=api", "mission_end": "1986-01-18T13:58:00Z", "destination": "Low Earth Orbit", "launch_crew": [ { "id": 1349, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 337, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/337/?format=api", "name": "Robert L. Gibson", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P36DT4H17M2S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-10-30", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Robert Lee \"Hoot\" Gibson is a former American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, and a retired NASA astronaut, as well as a professional pilot who currently races regularly at the annual Reno Air Races.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/robert2520l.2520gibson_image_20181202102659.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_L._Gibson", "last_flight": "1995-06-27T19:32:19Z", "first_flight": "1984-02-03T13:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 1352, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 364, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/364/?format=api", "name": "Charles Bolden", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P28DT8H36M30S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-08-19", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/cboldenjr", "instagram": null, "bio": "Charles Frank Bolden Jr. is a former Administrator of NASA, a retired United States Marine Corps Major General, and a former NASA astronaut.\r\n\r\nA 1968 graduate of the United States Naval Academy, he became a Marine Aviator and test pilot. After his service as an astronaut, he became Deputy Commandant of Midshipmen at the Naval Academy.\r\n\r\nOn May 23, 2009, President Barack Obama announced the nomination of Bolden as NASA Administrator and Lori Garver as Deputy NASA Administrator. Bolden was confirmed by the Senate on July 15, 2009. He was the first African American to head the agency on a permanent basis.\r\n\r\nOn January 12, 2017, Bolden announced his resignation from NASA during a town hall meeting at NASA Headquarters in Washington D.C. His last day would be January 19, and Robert M. Lightfoot Jr. was announced as acting NASA Administrator.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/charles2520bolden_image_20181202112229.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bolden", "last_flight": "1994-02-03T12:10:00Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } }, { "id": 1367, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 596, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/596/?format=api", "name": "Bill Nelson", "type": { "id": 4, "name": "Non-Astronaut Passenger" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P6DT2H3M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1942-09-29", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Clarence William Nelson II (born September 29, 1942) is an American politician serving as the senior United States Senator from Florida, first elected to that seat in 2000. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1972 to 1978 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1979 to 1991. In January 1986, he became the second sitting member of Congress to fly in space when he served as a payload specialist on the Space Shuttle Columbia.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/bill2520nelson_image_20190211162351.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nelson", "last_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } }, { "id": 1368, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 597, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/597/?format=api", "name": "Robert J. Cenker", "type": { "id": 5, "name": "Payload Specialist" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P6DT2H3M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1948-11-05", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Cenker (born November 5, 1948) is an American aerospace and electrical engineer, aerospace systems consultant, and former astronaut. Cenker worked for 18 years at RCA Astro-Electronics, and its successor company GE Astro Space, on a variety of spacecraft projects. He spent most of his career working on commercial communications satellites, including the Satcom, Spacenet and GStar programs.\r\n\r\nIn January 1986, Cenker was a crew member on the twenty-fourth mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program, the seventh flight of Space Shuttle Columbia, designated as mission STS-61-C. Cenker served as a Payload Specialist, representing RCA Astro-Electronics. This mission was the final flight before the Challenger disaster, which caused the Space Shuttle program to be suspended until 1988, and impacted NASA's Payload Specialist program for even longer. As a result, Cenker's mission was called \"The End of Innocence\" for the Shuttle program. Following the completion of his Shuttle mission, Cenker returned to work in the commercial aerospace field. Since his flight, he has made numerous public appearances representing NASA and the Shuttle program, in the United States, as well as internationally.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/robert2520j.2520cenker_image_20190211162555.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._Cenker", "last_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } }, { "id": 1184, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 355, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/355/?format=api", "name": "George Nelson", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P17DT2H43M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1950-07-13", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "George Driver \"Pinky\" Nelson is an American physicist, astronomer, science educator, and a former NASA astronaut.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/george2520nelson_image_20181202104538.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Nelson_(astronaut)", "last_flight": "1988-09-29T15:37:00Z", "first_flight": "1984-04-06T13:58:00Z" } }, { "id": 1202, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 131, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/131/?format=api", "name": "Steven Hawley", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P32DT2H39M2S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1951-12-12", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Steven Alan Hawley is a former NASA astronaut who flew on five U.S. Space Shuttle flights. He is professor of physics and astronomy and director of engineering physics at the University of Kansas. \r\n\r\nFollowing an aborted attempt to launch STS-41-D where two main engines were stopped shortly after they started because the third failed to start, Hawley is reported to have broken the tense atmosphere in the shuttle cabin, saying, \"I thought we'd be a lot higher at MECO!\"", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/steven2520hawley_image_20181129204324.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Hawley", "last_flight": "1999-07-23T04:31:00Z", "first_flight": "1984-08-30T12:41:50Z" } }, { "id": 1365, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 372, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/372/?format=api", "name": "Franklin Chang Díaz", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P66DT18H15M4S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1950-04-05", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Franklin Ramón Chang Díaz is a Costa Rican Chinese American mechanical engineer, physicist, former NASA astronaut. He is the founder and current CEO of Ad Astra Rocket Company as well as a member of Cummins' board of directors. He became an American citizen in 1977. He is of Chinese (paternal side) and Costa Rican Spanish (maternal side) descent. He is a veteran of seven Space Shuttle missions, tieing the record, as of 2018 for the most spaceflights (a record set by Jerry L. Ross). He was the third Latin American, but the first Latin American immigrant NASA Astronaut selected to go into space. Chang Díaz is a member of the NASA Astronaut Hall of Fame.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/franklin_chang__image_20220911034344.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Chang_D%C3%ADaz", "last_flight": "2002-06-05T21:22:49Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } } ], "onboard_crew": [], "landing_crew": [ { "id": 1345, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 337, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/337/?format=api", "name": "Robert L. Gibson", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P36DT4H17M2S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-10-30", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Robert Lee \"Hoot\" Gibson is a former American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, and a retired NASA astronaut, as well as a professional pilot who currently races regularly at the annual Reno Air Races.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/robert2520l.2520gibson_image_20181202102659.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_L._Gibson", "last_flight": "1995-06-27T19:32:19Z", "first_flight": "1984-02-03T13:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 1353, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 364, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/364/?format=api", "name": "Charles Bolden", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P28DT8H36M30S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-08-19", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/cboldenjr", "instagram": null, "bio": "Charles Frank Bolden Jr. is a former Administrator of NASA, a retired United States Marine Corps Major General, and a former NASA astronaut.\r\n\r\nA 1968 graduate of the United States Naval Academy, he became a Marine Aviator and test pilot. After his service as an astronaut, he became Deputy Commandant of Midshipmen at the Naval Academy.\r\n\r\nOn May 23, 2009, President Barack Obama announced the nomination of Bolden as NASA Administrator and Lori Garver as Deputy NASA Administrator. Bolden was confirmed by the Senate on July 15, 2009. He was the first African American to head the agency on a permanent basis.\r\n\r\nOn January 12, 2017, Bolden announced his resignation from NASA during a town hall meeting at NASA Headquarters in Washington D.C. His last day would be January 19, and Robert M. Lightfoot Jr. was announced as acting NASA Administrator.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/charles2520bolden_image_20181202112229.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bolden", "last_flight": "1994-02-03T12:10:00Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } }, { "id": 191, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 596, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/596/?format=api", "name": "Bill Nelson", "type": { "id": 4, "name": "Non-Astronaut Passenger" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P6DT2H3M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1942-09-29", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Clarence William Nelson II (born September 29, 1942) is an American politician serving as the senior United States Senator from Florida, first elected to that seat in 2000. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1972 to 1978 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1979 to 1991. In January 1986, he became the second sitting member of Congress to fly in space when he served as a payload specialist on the Space Shuttle Columbia.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/bill2520nelson_image_20190211162351.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nelson", "last_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } }, { "id": 192, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 597, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/597/?format=api", "name": "Robert J. Cenker", "type": { "id": 5, "name": "Payload Specialist" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P6DT2H3M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1948-11-05", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Robert Joseph \"Bob\" Cenker (born November 5, 1948) is an American aerospace and electrical engineer, aerospace systems consultant, and former astronaut. Cenker worked for 18 years at RCA Astro-Electronics, and its successor company GE Astro Space, on a variety of spacecraft projects. He spent most of his career working on commercial communications satellites, including the Satcom, Spacenet and GStar programs.\r\n\r\nIn January 1986, Cenker was a crew member on the twenty-fourth mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program, the seventh flight of Space Shuttle Columbia, designated as mission STS-61-C. Cenker served as a Payload Specialist, representing RCA Astro-Electronics. This mission was the final flight before the Challenger disaster, which caused the Space Shuttle program to be suspended until 1988, and impacted NASA's Payload Specialist program for even longer. As a result, Cenker's mission was called \"The End of Innocence\" for the Shuttle program. Following the completion of his Shuttle mission, Cenker returned to work in the commercial aerospace field. Since his flight, he has made numerous public appearances representing NASA and the Shuttle program, in the United States, as well as internationally.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/robert2520j.2520cenker_image_20190211162555.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._Cenker", "last_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } }, { "id": 1186, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 355, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/355/?format=api", "name": "George Nelson", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P17DT2H43M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1950-07-13", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "George Driver \"Pinky\" Nelson is an American physicist, astronomer, science educator, and a former NASA astronaut.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/george2520nelson_image_20181202104538.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Nelson_(astronaut)", "last_flight": "1988-09-29T15:37:00Z", "first_flight": "1984-04-06T13:58:00Z" } }, { "id": 1197, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 131, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/131/?format=api", "name": "Steven Hawley", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P32DT2H39M2S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1951-12-12", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Steven Alan Hawley is a former NASA astronaut who flew on five U.S. Space Shuttle flights. He is professor of physics and astronomy and director of engineering physics at the University of Kansas. \r\n\r\nFollowing an aborted attempt to launch STS-41-D where two main engines were stopped shortly after they started because the third failed to start, Hawley is reported to have broken the tense atmosphere in the shuttle cabin, saying, \"I thought we'd be a lot higher at MECO!\"", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/steven2520hawley_image_20181129204324.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Hawley", "last_flight": "1999-07-23T04:31:00Z", "first_flight": "1984-08-30T12:41:50Z" } }, { "id": 1358, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 372, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/372/?format=api", "name": "Franklin Chang Díaz", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P66DT18H15M4S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1950-04-05", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Franklin Ramón Chang Díaz is a Costa Rican Chinese American mechanical engineer, physicist, former NASA astronaut. He is the founder and current CEO of Ad Astra Rocket Company as well as a member of Cummins' board of directors. He became an American citizen in 1977. He is of Chinese (paternal side) and Costa Rican Spanish (maternal side) descent. He is a veteran of seven Space Shuttle missions, tieing the record, as of 2018 for the most spaceflights (a record set by Jerry L. Ross). He was the third Latin American, but the first Latin American immigrant NASA Astronaut selected to go into space. Chang Díaz is a member of the NASA Astronaut Hall of Fame.", "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/franklin_chang__image_20220911034344.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Chang_D%C3%ADaz", "last_flight": "2002-06-05T21:22:49Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } } ], "spacecraft": { "id": 36, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/spacecraft/36/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle Columbia", "serial_number": "OV-102", "is_placeholder": false, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P292DT16H28M27S", "time_docked": "P7DT33M", "flights_count": 28, "mission_ends_count": 28, "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Destroyed" }, "description": "Space Shuttle Columbia (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-102) was the first space-rated orbiter in NASA's Space Shuttle fleet. It launched for the first time on mission STS-1 on April 12, 1981, the first flight of the Space Shuttle program. Over 22 years of service, it completed 27 missions before disintegrating during re-entry near the end of its 28th mission, STS-107 on February 1, 2003, resulting in the deaths of all seven crew members.", "spacecraft_config": { "id": 14, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/spacecraft/14/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Spaceplane" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Acting Administrator: James Free", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "in_use": false, "capability": "Carrying a crew of 7 astronauts along with cargo to Low Earth Orbit.", "history": "The Space shuttle was a United States space craft. Following the conclusion of the Apollo program the Space Shuttle intended to lower costs for reliable access to Low Earth Orbit. The program ran from 1981-2011.", "details": "The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable LEO spacecraft system operated by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS), taken from a 1969 plan for a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development. The first of four orbital test flights occurred in 1981, leading to operational flights in 1982. In addition to the prototype whose completion was cancelled, five complete Shuttle systems were built and used on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011, launched from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. Operational missions launched numerous satellites, interplanetary probes, and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST); conducted science experiments in orbit; and participated in construction and servicing of the International Space Station. 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