Launch Instance
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/\<id\>/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET
Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS
Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id',
'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids',
'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE
'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH
Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/973b1401-b6c1-401f-b795-d2a53265ad9a/?format=api
{ "id": "973b1401-b6c1-401f-b795-d2a53265ad9a", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/973b1401-b6c1-401f-b795-d2a53265ad9a/?format=api", "slug": "space-shuttle-challenger-ov-099-sts-61-a", "flightclub_url": null, "r_spacex_api_id": null, "name": "Space Shuttle Challenger / OV-099 | STS-61-A", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T08:46:49Z", "updates": [], "net": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "net_precision": null, "window_end": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "window_start": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 192, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/192/?format=api", "name": "Lockheed Space Operations Company", "featured": false, "type": "Commercial", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "LSOC", "description": null, "administrator": null, "founding_year": null, "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 65, "consecutive_successful_launches": 49, "successful_launches": 64, "failed_launches": 1, "pending_launches": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "", "wiki_url": "", "logo_url": null, "image_url": null, "nation_url": null }, "rocket": { "id": 312, "configuration": { "id": 493, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/493/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "active": false, "reusable": true, "description": "The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS). Five complete Space Shuttle orbiter vehicles were built and flown on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011.", "family": "", "full_name": "Space Shuttle", "manufacturer": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 135, "consecutive_successful_launches": 11, "successful_launches": 115, "failed_launches": 20, "pending_launches": 6, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "http://www.nasa.gov", "wiki_url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration", "logo_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png", "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "nation_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_nation_20230803040809.jpg" }, "program": [ { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/6/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "description": "The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.", "agencies": [ { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" } ], "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520shutt_program_20200820202237.png", "start_date": "1981-04-12T12:00:03Z", "end_date": "2011-07-08T15:29:00Z", "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/index.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Human Spaceflight" } } ], "variant": "", "alias": "", "min_stage": 2, "max_stage": 2, "length": 56.1, "diameter": 8.0, "maiden_flight": "1981-04-12", "launch_cost": "450000000", "launch_mass": 2030, "leo_capacity": 27500, "gto_capacity": null, "to_thrust": 28200, "apogee": null, "vehicle_range": null, "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space_shuttle_image_20230422074810.jpeg", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle", "total_launch_count": 135, "consecutive_successful_launches": 22, "successful_launches": 133, "failed_launches": 2, "pending_launches": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0 }, "launcher_stage": [], "spacecraft_stage": { "id": 65, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/spacecraft/flight/65/?format=api", "mission_end": "1985-11-06T17:44:00Z", "destination": "Low Earth Orbit", "launch_crew": [ { "id": 1187, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 129, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/129/?format=api", "name": "Henry 'Hank' Hartsfield", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P20DT2H48M10S", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1933-11-21", "date_of_death": "2014-07-14", "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Henry Warren \"Hank\" Hartsfield Jr. was a United States Air Force officer and a USAF and NASA astronaut who logged over 480 hours in space. Hartsfield became a NASA astronaut in September 1969. Hartsfield was the pilot on STS-4, the fourth and final orbital test flight of the shuttle Columbia.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/henry25202527hank25272520hartsfield_image_20181129203753.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Hartsfield", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1982-06-27T15:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 1310, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 341, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/341/?format=api", "name": "Steven R. Nagel", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P30DT1H34M15S", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-10-27", "date_of_death": "2014-08-21", "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Steven Ray Nagel was an American astronaut, aeronautical and mechanical engineer, test pilot, and a United States Air Force pilot.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/steven2520r.2520nagel_image_20190426143717.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_R._Nagel", "last_flight": "1993-04-26T14:50:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-06-17T11:33:00Z" } }, { "id": 1321, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 197, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/197/?format=api", "name": "Ernst Messerschmid", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT44M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 29, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/29/?format=api", "name": "German Aerospace Center", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1945-05-21", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "German", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Ernst Willi Messerschmid (born May 21, 1945) is a German physicist and former astronaut.\r\nFrom 1978 to 1982, he worked at the DFVLR (the precursor of the DLR) in the Institute of Communications Technology in Oberpfaffenhofen on space-borne communications. In 1983, he was selected as one of the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission D-1. He flew as payload specialist on STS-61-A in 1985, spending over 168 hours in space.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ernst2520messerschmid_image_20181201175413.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Messerschmid", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 1320, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 109, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/109/?format=api", "name": "Reinhard Furrer", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT44M", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 29, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/29/?format=api", "name": "German Aerospace Center", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1940-11-25", "date_of_death": "1995-09-09", "nationality": "German", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Prof. Dr. Reinhard Alfred Furrer (25 November 1940 – 9 September 1995) was a German physicist and astronaut.\r\n\r\nIn 1977 Furrer applied for selection as an astronaut for the first Spacelab mission. He made it into the final round of candidates, although Ulf Merbold was finally selected. In 1982, the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission were selected from the finalists for the first mission, and Furrer was one of the two chosen. He was a payload specialist on STS-61-A (D1), which was launched on 30 October 1985. The other payload specialists on the flight were Ernst Messerschmid and Wubbo Ockels (Netherlands).", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/reinhard2520furrer_image_20181128231842.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Furrer", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 1322, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 213, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/213/?format=api", "name": "Wubbo Ockels", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT44M", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-03-28", "date_of_death": "2014-05-18", "nationality": "Dutch", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Dr Wubbo Johannes Ockels (28 March 1946 – 18 May 2014) was a Dutch physicist and an astronaut of the European Space Agency (ESA). In 1985 he participated in a flight on the Space Shuttle Challenger, STS-61-A, making him the first Dutch citizen in space.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/wubbo2520ockels_image_20181201184140.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wubbo_Ockels", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 1148, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 347, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/347/?format=api", "name": "Guion Bluford", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P28DT16H32M46S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1942-11-22", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Guion Stewart Bluford Jr., Ph.D. is an American aerospace engineer, retired U.S. Air Force officer and fighter pilot, and former NASA astronaut, who was the first African American in space.[1] Before becoming an astronaut, he was an officer in the U.S. Air Force, where he remained while assigned to NASA, rising to the rank of Colonel. He participated in four Space Shuttle flights between 1983 and 1992. In 1983, as a member of the crew of the Orbiter Challenger on the mission STS-8, he became the first African American in space as well as the second person of African ancestry in space, after Cuban cosmonaut Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/guion_bluford_image_20220911033859.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guion_Bluford", "last_flight": "1992-12-02T13:24:00Z", "first_flight": "1983-08-30T06:32:00Z" } }, { "id": 1237, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 348, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/348/?format=api", "name": "James Buchli", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P20DT17H7M29S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1945-06-20", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "James Frederick Buchli is a retired United States Marine aviator and former NASA astronaut who flew on four Space Shuttle missions.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/james2520buchli_image_20181202103808.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Buchli", "last_flight": "1991-09-12T23:11:04Z", "first_flight": "1985-01-24T13:04:27Z" } }, { "id": 1318, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 374, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/374/?format=api", "name": "Bonnie J. Dunbar", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P50DT8H24M3S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1949-03-03", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Bonnie Jeanne Dunbar is a former NASA astronaut. She retired from NASA in September 2005 then served as president and CEO of The Museum of Flight until April 2010. From January 2013 - December 2015, Dr. Dunbar lead the University of Houston's STEM Center (science, technology, engineering and math) and was a faculty member in the Cullen College of Engineering.[1] Currently, she is a professor of aerospace engineering at Texas A&M University and serves as Director of the Institute for Engineering Education and Innovation (IEEI), a joint entity in the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station (TEES) and the Dwight Look College of Engineering at Texas A&M University.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/bonnie2520j.2520dunbar_image_20181202120831.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnie_J._Dunbar", "last_flight": "1998-01-23T02:48:15Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } } ], "onboard_crew": [], "landing_crew": [ { "id": 130, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 129, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/129/?format=api", "name": "Henry 'Hank' Hartsfield", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P20DT2H48M10S", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1933-11-21", "date_of_death": "2014-07-14", "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Henry Warren \"Hank\" Hartsfield Jr. was a United States Air Force officer and a USAF and NASA astronaut who logged over 480 hours in space. Hartsfield became a NASA astronaut in September 1969. Hartsfield was the pilot on STS-4, the fourth and final orbital test flight of the shuttle Columbia.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/henry25202527hank25272520hartsfield_image_20181129203753.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Hartsfield", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1982-06-27T15:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 177, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 341, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/341/?format=api", "name": "Steven R. Nagel", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P30DT1H34M15S", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-10-27", "date_of_death": "2014-08-21", "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Steven Ray Nagel was an American astronaut, aeronautical and mechanical engineer, test pilot, and a United States Air Force pilot.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/steven2520r.2520nagel_image_20190426143717.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_R._Nagel", "last_flight": "1993-04-26T14:50:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-06-17T11:33:00Z" } }, { "id": 180, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 197, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/197/?format=api", "name": "Ernst Messerschmid", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT44M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 29, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/29/?format=api", "name": "German Aerospace Center", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1945-05-21", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "German", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Ernst Willi Messerschmid (born May 21, 1945) is a German physicist and former astronaut.\r\nFrom 1978 to 1982, he worked at the DFVLR (the precursor of the DLR) in the Institute of Communications Technology in Oberpfaffenhofen on space-borne communications. In 1983, he was selected as one of the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission D-1. He flew as payload specialist on STS-61-A in 1985, spending over 168 hours in space.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ernst2520messerschmid_image_20181201175413.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Messerschmid", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 179, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 109, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/109/?format=api", "name": "Reinhard Furrer", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT44M", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 29, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/29/?format=api", "name": "German Aerospace Center", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1940-11-25", "date_of_death": "1995-09-09", "nationality": "German", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Prof. Dr. Reinhard Alfred Furrer (25 November 1940 – 9 September 1995) was a German physicist and astronaut.\r\n\r\nIn 1977 Furrer applied for selection as an astronaut for the first Spacelab mission. He made it into the final round of candidates, although Ulf Merbold was finally selected. In 1982, the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission were selected from the finalists for the first mission, and Furrer was one of the two chosen. He was a payload specialist on STS-61-A (D1), which was launched on 30 October 1985. The other payload specialists on the flight were Ernst Messerschmid and Wubbo Ockels (Netherlands).", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/reinhard2520furrer_image_20181128231842.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Furrer", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 181, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 213, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/213/?format=api", "name": "Wubbo Ockels", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P7DT44M", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1946-03-28", "date_of_death": "2014-05-18", "nationality": "Dutch", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Dr Wubbo Johannes Ockels (28 March 1946 – 18 May 2014) was a Dutch physicist and an astronaut of the European Space Agency (ESA). In 1985 he participated in a flight on the Space Shuttle Challenger, STS-61-A, making him the first Dutch citizen in space.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/wubbo2520ockels_image_20181201184140.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wubbo_Ockels", "last_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } }, { "id": 1144, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 347, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/347/?format=api", "name": "Guion Bluford", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P28DT16H32M46S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1942-11-22", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Guion Stewart Bluford Jr., Ph.D. is an American aerospace engineer, retired U.S. Air Force officer and fighter pilot, and former NASA astronaut, who was the first African American in space.[1] Before becoming an astronaut, he was an officer in the U.S. Air Force, where he remained while assigned to NASA, rising to the rank of Colonel. He participated in four Space Shuttle flights between 1983 and 1992. In 1983, as a member of the crew of the Orbiter Challenger on the mission STS-8, he became the first African American in space as well as the second person of African ancestry in space, after Cuban cosmonaut Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/guion_bluford_image_20220911033859.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guion_Bluford", "last_flight": "1992-12-02T13:24:00Z", "first_flight": "1983-08-30T06:32:00Z" } }, { "id": 1233, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 348, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/348/?format=api", "name": "James Buchli", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P20DT17H7M29S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1945-06-20", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "James Frederick Buchli is a retired United States Marine aviator and former NASA astronaut who flew on four Space Shuttle missions.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/james2520buchli_image_20181202103808.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Buchli", "last_flight": "1991-09-12T23:11:04Z", "first_flight": "1985-01-24T13:04:27Z" } }, { "id": 1313, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 374, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/374/?format=api", "name": "Bonnie J. Dunbar", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P50DT8H24M3S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1949-03-03", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Bonnie Jeanne Dunbar is a former NASA astronaut. She retired from NASA in September 2005 then served as president and CEO of The Museum of Flight until April 2010. From January 2013 - December 2015, Dr. Dunbar lead the University of Houston's STEM Center (science, technology, engineering and math) and was a faculty member in the Cullen College of Engineering.[1] Currently, she is a professor of aerospace engineering at Texas A&M University and serves as Director of the Institute for Engineering Education and Innovation (IEEI), a joint entity in the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station (TEES) and the Dwight Look College of Engineering at Texas A&M University.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/bonnie2520j.2520dunbar_image_20181202120831.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnie_J._Dunbar", "last_flight": "1998-01-23T02:48:15Z", "first_flight": "1985-10-30T17:00:00Z" } } ], "spacecraft": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/spacecraft/37/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle Challenger", "serial_number": "OV-099", "is_placeholder": false, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P62DT6H51M50S", "time_docked": "P0D", "flights_count": 10, "mission_ends_count": 10, "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Destroyed" }, "description": "Space Shuttle Challenger (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-099) was the second orbiter of NASA's space shuttle program to be put into service, after Columbia. 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