Launch Instance
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/\<id\>/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET
Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS
Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id',
'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids',
'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE
'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH
Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/46347332-4296-4f90-b0b1-91b9e9b9d3b6/?format=api
{ "id": "46347332-4296-4f90-b0b1-91b9e9b9d3b6", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/46347332-4296-4f90-b0b1-91b9e9b9d3b6/?format=api", "slug": "space-shuttle-columbia-ov-102-sts-75", "flightclub_url": null, "r_spacex_api_id": null, "name": "Space Shuttle Columbia / OV-102 | STS-75", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T08:47:58Z", "updates": [], "net": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "net_precision": null, "window_end": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "window_start": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 197, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/197/?format=api", "name": "Lockheed Martin Space Operations", "featured": false, "type": "Commercial", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "LMSO", "description": null, "administrator": null, "founding_year": null, "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 9, "consecutive_successful_launches": 9, "successful_launches": 9, "failed_launches": 0, "pending_launches": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "https://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/ssc.html", "wiki_url": "", "logo_url": null, "image_url": null, "nation_url": null }, "rocket": { "id": 397, "configuration": { "id": 493, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/493/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "active": false, "reusable": true, "description": "The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS). Five complete Space Shuttle orbiter vehicles were built and flown on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011.", "family": "", "full_name": "Space Shuttle", "manufacturer": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 135, "consecutive_successful_launches": 11, "successful_launches": 115, "failed_launches": 20, "pending_launches": 6, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "http://www.nasa.gov", "wiki_url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration", "logo_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png", "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "nation_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_nation_20230803040809.jpg" }, "program": [ { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/6/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "description": "The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.", "agencies": [ { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" } ], "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520shutt_program_20200820202237.png", "start_date": "1981-04-12T12:00:03Z", "end_date": "2011-07-08T15:29:00Z", "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/index.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Human Spaceflight" } } ], "variant": "", "alias": "", "min_stage": 2, "max_stage": 2, "length": 56.1, "diameter": 8.0, "maiden_flight": "1981-04-12", "launch_cost": "450000000", "launch_mass": 2030, "leo_capacity": 27500, "gto_capacity": null, "to_thrust": 28200, "apogee": null, "vehicle_range": null, "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space_shuttle_image_20230422074810.jpeg", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle", "total_launch_count": 135, "consecutive_successful_launches": 22, "successful_launches": 133, "failed_launches": 2, "pending_launches": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0 }, "launcher_stage": [], "spacecraft_stage": { "id": 120, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/spacecraft/flight/120/?format=api", "mission_end": "1996-03-09T13:58:00Z", "destination": "Low Earth Orbit", "launch_crew": [ { "id": 1920, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 408, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/408/?format=api", "name": "Andrew M. Allen", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P37DT16H11M11S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1955-08-04", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Andrew Michael \"Andy\" Allen is a retired American astronaut. A former Marine aviator and lieutenant colonel, he worked as a test pilot before joining NASA in 1987. He flew three Space Shuttle missions before retiring in 1997.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/andrew2520m.2520allen_image_20181202140432.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_M._Allen", "last_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "first_flight": "1992-07-31T13:56:48Z" } }, { "id": 1924, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 149, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/149/?format=api", "name": "Scott Horowitz", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P47DT10H38M29S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1957-03-24", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Scott Jay \"Doc\" Horowitz is a retired American astronaut and a veteran of four space shuttle missions. Horowitz was selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in 1992, and piloted missions STS-75 (1996), STS-82 (1997) and STS-101 (2000). He commanded mission STS-105 (2001), a visit to the International Space Station for equipment and crew transfer.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/scott2520horowitz_image_20181129211108.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_J._Horowitz", "last_flight": "2001-08-10T21:10:14Z", "first_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z" } }, { "id": 1926, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 85, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/85/?format=api", "name": "Maurizio Cheli", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P15DT17H40M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1959-05-04", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Italian", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Maurizio Cheli (born 4 May 1959) is an Italian air force officer, a European Space Agency astronaut and a veteran of one NASA space shuttle mission.\r\n\r\nHe trained with the United States Air Force and was selected as an astronaut candidate by the European Space Agency in 1992. He holds the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Italian Air Force. He flew aboard STS-75 in 1996 as a mission specialist.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/maurizio2520cheli_image_20181128224319.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurizio_Cheli", "last_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "first_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z" } }, { "id": 1928, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 118, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/118/?format=api", "name": "Umberto Guidoni", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P27DT15H10M18S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1954-08-18", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Italian", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Umberto Guidoni (born 18 August 1954 in Rome) is an Italian astrophysicist, science writer and a former ESA astronaut, being the first European to visit the International Space Station. He is a veteran of two NASA space shuttle missions.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/umberto2520guidoni_image_20181128233554.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Guidoni", "last_flight": "2001-04-19T18:40:42Z", "first_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z" } }, { "id": 1607, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 2, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/2/?format=api", "name": "Claude Nicollier", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P42DT12H3M12S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1944-09-02", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Swiss", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Astroclaude", "instagram": null, "bio": "Claude Nicollier is the first astronaut from Switzerland. He has flown on four Space Shuttle missions. His first spaceflight (STS-46) was in 1992, and his final spaceflight (STS-103) was in 1999. He took part in two servicing missions to the Hubble Space Telescope (called STS-61 and STS-103). During his final spaceflight he participated in a spacewalk, becoming the first European Space Agency astronaut to do so during a Space Shuttle mission. In 2000 he was assigned to the Astronaut Office Extravehicular Activity Branch, while maintaining a position as Lead ESA Astronaut in Houston. Nicollier retired from ESA in April 2007.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/claude2520nicollier_image_20181127203218.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Nicollier", "last_flight": "1999-12-20T00:50:00Z", "first_flight": "1992-07-31T13:56:48Z" } }, { "id": 1254, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 146, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/146/?format=api", "name": "Jeffrey Hoffman", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P50DT11H52M35S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1944-11-02", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Jeffrey Alan Hoffman is an American former NASA astronaut and currently a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT. Hoffman made five flights as a space shuttle astronaut, including the first mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope in 1993, when the orbiting telescope's flawed optical system was corrected.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/jeffrey2520hoffman_image_20181129210513.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_A._Hoffman", "last_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-04-12T13:59:05Z" } }, { "id": 1361, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 372, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/372/?format=api", "name": "Franklin Chang Díaz", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P66DT18H15M4S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1950-04-05", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Franklin Ramón Chang Díaz is a Costa Rican Chinese American mechanical engineer, physicist, former NASA astronaut. He is the founder and current CEO of Ad Astra Rocket Company as well as a member of Cummins' board of directors. He became an American citizen in 1977. He is of Chinese (paternal side) and Costa Rican Spanish (maternal side) descent. He is a veteran of seven Space Shuttle missions, tieing the record, as of 2018 for the most spaceflights (a record set by Jerry L. Ross). He was the third Latin American, but the first Latin American immigrant NASA Astronaut selected to go into space. Chang Díaz is a member of the NASA Astronaut Hall of Fame.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/franklin_chang__image_20220911034344.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Chang_D%C3%ADaz", "last_flight": "2002-06-05T21:22:49Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } } ], "onboard_crew": [], "landing_crew": [ { "id": 348, "role": { "id": 1, "role": "Commander", "priority": 0 }, "astronaut": { "id": 408, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/408/?format=api", "name": "Andrew M. Allen", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P37DT16H11M11S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1955-08-04", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Andrew Michael \"Andy\" Allen is a retired American astronaut. A former Marine aviator and lieutenant colonel, he worked as a test pilot before joining NASA in 1987. He flew three Space Shuttle missions before retiring in 1997.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/andrew2520m.2520allen_image_20181202140432.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_M._Allen", "last_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "first_flight": "1992-07-31T13:56:48Z" } }, { "id": 1921, "role": { "id": 2, "role": "Pilot", "priority": 2 }, "astronaut": { "id": 149, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/149/?format=api", "name": "Scott Horowitz", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P47DT10H38M29S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1957-03-24", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Scott Jay \"Doc\" Horowitz is a retired American astronaut and a veteran of four space shuttle missions. Horowitz was selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in 1992, and piloted missions STS-75 (1996), STS-82 (1997) and STS-101 (2000). He commanded mission STS-105 (2001), a visit to the International Space Station for equipment and crew transfer.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/scott2520horowitz_image_20181129211108.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_J._Horowitz", "last_flight": "2001-08-10T21:10:14Z", "first_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z" } }, { "id": 350, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 85, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/85/?format=api", "name": "Maurizio Cheli", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P15DT17H40M", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1959-05-04", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Italian", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Maurizio Cheli (born 4 May 1959) is an Italian air force officer, a European Space Agency astronaut and a veteran of one NASA space shuttle mission.\r\n\r\nHe trained with the United States Air Force and was selected as an astronaut candidate by the European Space Agency in 1992. He holds the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Italian Air Force. He flew aboard STS-75 in 1996 as a mission specialist.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/maurizio2520cheli_image_20181128224319.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurizio_Cheli", "last_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "first_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z" } }, { "id": 1929, "role": { "id": 8, "role": "Payload Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 118, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/118/?format=api", "name": "Umberto Guidoni", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P27DT15H10M18S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1954-08-18", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Italian", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Umberto Guidoni (born 18 August 1954 in Rome) is an Italian astrophysicist, science writer and a former ESA astronaut, being the first European to visit the International Space Station. He is a veteran of two NASA space shuttle missions.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/umberto2520guidoni_image_20181128233554.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Guidoni", "last_flight": "2001-04-19T18:40:42Z", "first_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z" } }, { "id": 1610, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 2, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/2/?format=api", "name": "Claude Nicollier", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P42DT12H3M12S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, "date_of_birth": "1944-09-02", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Swiss", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Astroclaude", "instagram": null, "bio": "Claude Nicollier is the first astronaut from Switzerland. He has flown on four Space Shuttle missions. His first spaceflight (STS-46) was in 1992, and his final spaceflight (STS-103) was in 1999. He took part in two servicing missions to the Hubble Space Telescope (called STS-61 and STS-103). During his final spaceflight he participated in a spacewalk, becoming the first European Space Agency astronaut to do so during a Space Shuttle mission. In 2000 he was assigned to the Astronaut Office Extravehicular Activity Branch, while maintaining a position as Lead ESA Astronaut in Houston. Nicollier retired from ESA in April 2007.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/claude2520nicollier_image_20181127203218.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Nicollier", "last_flight": "1999-12-20T00:50:00Z", "first_flight": "1992-07-31T13:56:48Z" } }, { "id": 152, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 146, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/146/?format=api", "name": "Jeffrey Hoffman", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P50DT11H52M35S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1944-11-02", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Jeffrey Alan Hoffman is an American former NASA astronaut and currently a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT. Hoffman made five flights as a space shuttle astronaut, including the first mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope in 1993, when the orbiting telescope's flawed optical system was corrected.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/jeffrey2520hoffman_image_20181129210513.jpg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_A._Hoffman", "last_flight": "1996-02-22T20:18:00Z", "first_flight": "1985-04-12T13:59:05Z" } }, { "id": 1354, "role": { "id": 7, "role": "Mission Specialist", "priority": 4 }, "astronaut": { "id": 372, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/372/?format=api", "name": "Franklin Chang Díaz", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P66DT18H15M4S", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "date_of_birth": "1950-04-05", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "bio": "Franklin Ramón Chang Díaz is a Costa Rican Chinese American mechanical engineer, physicist, former NASA astronaut. He is the founder and current CEO of Ad Astra Rocket Company as well as a member of Cummins' board of directors. He became an American citizen in 1977. He is of Chinese (paternal side) and Costa Rican Spanish (maternal side) descent. He is a veteran of seven Space Shuttle missions, tieing the record, as of 2018 for the most spaceflights (a record set by Jerry L. Ross). He was the third Latin American, but the first Latin American immigrant NASA Astronaut selected to go into space. Chang Díaz is a member of the NASA Astronaut Hall of Fame.", "profile_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/franklin_chang__image_20220911034344.jpeg", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Chang_D%C3%ADaz", "last_flight": "2002-06-05T21:22:49Z", "first_flight": "1986-01-12T11:55:00Z" } } ], "spacecraft": { "id": 36, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/spacecraft/36/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle Columbia", "serial_number": "OV-102", "is_placeholder": false, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P292DT19H32M24S", "time_docked": "P0D", "flights_count": 28, "mission_ends_count": 28, "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Destroyed" }, "description": "Space Shuttle Columbia (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-102) was the first space-rated orbiter in NASA's Space Shuttle fleet. It launched for the first time on mission STS-1 on April 12, 1981, the first flight of the Space Shuttle program. Over 22 years of service, it completed 27 missions before disintegrating during re-entry near the end of its 28th mission, STS-107 on February 1, 2003, resulting in the deaths of all seven crew members.", "spacecraft_config": { "id": 14, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/spacecraft/14/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Spaceplane" }, "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "in_use": false, "capability": "Carrying a crew of 7 astronauts along with cargo to Low Earth Orbit.", "history": "The Space shuttle was a United States space craft. Following the conclusion of the Apollo program the Space Shuttle intended to lower costs for reliable access to Low Earth Orbit. The program ran from 1981-2011.", "details": "The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable LEO spacecraft system operated by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS), taken from a 1969 plan for a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development. The first of four orbital test flights occurred in 1981, leading to operational flights in 1982. In addition to the prototype whose completion was cancelled, five complete Shuttle systems were built and used on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011, launched from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. Operational missions launched numerous satellites, interplanetary probes, and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST); conducted science experiments in orbit; and participated in construction and servicing of the International Space Station. The Shuttle fleet's total mission time was 1322 days, 19 hours, 21 minutes and 23 seconds.", "maiden_flight": "1981-04-12", "height": 56.1, "diameter": 8.7, "human_rated": true, "crew_capacity": 7, "payload_capacity": 27500, "payload_return_capacity": null, "flight_life": "14 days", "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520shuttle_image_20190207032524.jpeg", "nation_url": null, "wiki_link": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle", "info_link": "" } }, "landing": { "id": 973, "attempt": true, "success": true, "description": "Space Shuttle Columbia successfully landed at the Shuttle Landing Facility after this mission.", "downrange_distance": null, "location": { "id": 24, "name": "Shuttle Landing Facility", "abbrev": "SLF", "description": "Airport used for Space Shuttle landings, part of the Kennedy Space Center.", "location": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/27/?format=api", "name": "Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "", "map_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/launch_images/location_27_20200803142447.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 237, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "successful_landings": 0 }, "type": { "id": 6, "name": "Horizontal Landing", "abbrev": "HL", "description": "Horizontal landing on a runway or flat surface." } }, "docking_events": [] } }, "mission": { "id": 801, "name": "STS-75", "description": "STS-75 was a United States NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 19th mission of the Columbia orbiter.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 4, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/4/?format=api", "agency_id": 44, "name": "Launch Complex 39B", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39#Launch_Pad_39B", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.62711233,-80.62101503", "latitude": "28.62711233", "longitude": "-80.62101503", "location": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/27/?format=api", "name": "Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "", "map_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/launch_images/location_27_20200803142447.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 237, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/launch_images/pad_4_20200803143518.jpg", "total_launch_count": 58, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 57 }, "infoURLs": [], "vidURLs": [ { "priority": 0, "source": null, "publisher": null, "title": "STS-75 launch & landing (2-22-96)", "description": "STS-75. February 22, 1996.", "feature_image": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/coAZwSnaa6g/hqdefault.jpg", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=coAZwSnaa6g", "type": null, "language": null, "start_time": null, "end_time": null } ], "webcast_live": false, "timeline": [], "image": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space_shuttle_image_20230422074810.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [ { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/6/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "description": "The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.", "agencies": [ { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" } ], "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520shutt_program_20200820202237.png", "start_date": "1981-04-12T12:00:03Z", "end_date": "2011-07-08T15:29:00Z", "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/index.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Human Spaceflight" } } ], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4044, "location_launch_attempt_count": 92, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 35, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 6, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 13, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_turnaround": "P42DT10H37M", "mission_patches": [ { "id": 409, "name": "STS-75 Patch", "priority": 10, "image_url": "https://spacelaunchnow-prod-east.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/mission_patch_images/sts-752520patc_mission_patch_20211031043901.png", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" } } ], "type": "detailed" }
