Astronaut List
API endpoint that allows Astronaut to be viewed.
GET: Return a list of all the existing astronauts.
MODE: Normal, List, LaunchList and Detailed /2.2.0/astronaut/?mode=detailed
FILTERS: Parameters - 'name', 'status', 'nationality', 'agency__name', 'agency__abbrev', 'date_of_birth', 'date_of_death', 'status_ids', 'is_human', 'type__id', 'has_flown', 'in_space' Example - /2.2.0/astronaut/?nationality=American
SEARCH EXAMPLE: /2.2.0/astronaut/?search=armstrong Searches through name, nationality and agency name
ORDERING: Fields - 'name', 'status', 'date_of_birth' Example - /2.2.0/astronaut/?order=name
GET /2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&offset=250&ordering=-last_flight
{ "count": 807, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=260&ordering=-last_flight", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=240&ordering=-last_flight", "results": [ { "id": 676, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/676/?format=api", "name": "David Mackay", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Private" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "PT1H57M30S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 68, "date_of_birth": "1957-01-01", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "British", "bio": "Astronaut David William Donald Mackay AFC is the British Chief Pilot of Virgin Galactic, and a former RAF test pilot. He is the first native-born Scot to visit space.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Mackay_(pilot)", "agency": { "id": 1024, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/1024/?format=api", "name": "Virgin Galactic", "featured": false, "type": "Private", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "VG", "description": "Virgin Galactic is an American spaceflight company within the Virgin Group. It is developing commercial spacecraft and aims to provide suborbital spaceflights to space tourists. Virgin Galactic's suborbital spacecraft are air launched from beneath a carrier airplane known as White Knight Two.", "administrator": "Founder: Richard Branson", "founding_year": "2004", "launchers": "VMS Eve", "spacecraft": "VSS Enterprise | VSS Unity", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/virgin_galactic_image_20210522131723.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/virgin2520galactic_logo_20230509082346.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/david_mackay_image_20220911034224.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190659.jpeg", "flights_count": 19, "landings_count": 19, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "2021-07-11T15:25:30Z", "first_flight": "2012-06-29T12:00:00Z" }, { "id": 686, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/686/?format=api", "name": "Sir Richard Branson", "status": { "id": 14, "name": "Occasional Spaceflight" }, "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Private" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "PT15M30S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 74, "date_of_birth": "1950-07-18", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "British", "bio": "Sir Richard Branson is an English business magnate and founder of the Virgin Group. He later founded both Virgin Galactic and Virgin Orbit.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/richardbranson", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/richardbranson/", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Branson", "agency": { "id": 1024, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/1024/?format=api", "name": "Virgin Galactic", "featured": false, "type": "Private", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "VG", "description": "Virgin Galactic is an American spaceflight company within the Virgin Group. It is developing commercial spacecraft and aims to provide suborbital spaceflights to space tourists. Virgin Galactic's suborbital spacecraft are air launched from beneath a carrier airplane known as White Knight Two.", "administrator": "Founder: Richard Branson", "founding_year": "2004", "launchers": "VMS Eve", "spacecraft": "VSS Enterprise | VSS Unity", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/virgin_galactic_image_20210522131723.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/virgin2520galactic_logo_20230509082346.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/sir_richard_bra_image_20220911033736.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190909.jpeg", "flights_count": 1, "landings_count": 1, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "2021-07-11T15:25:30Z", "first_flight": "2021-07-11T15:25:30Z" }, { "id": 183, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/183/?format=api", "name": "Liu Boming", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P95DT38M25S", "eva_time": "PT13H3M", "age": 58, "date_of_birth": "1966-09-16", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Chinese", "bio": "Liu Boming (simplified Chinese: 刘伯明; traditional Chinese: 劉伯明; pinyin: Líu Bómíng; born September 1966) is a Chinese pilot selected as part of the Shenzhou program. A fighter pilot in the People's Liberation Army Air Force, he was selected to be an CNSA member in 1998.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Boming_(astronaut)", "agency": { "id": 17, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/17/?format=api", "name": "China National Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "CHN", "abbrev": "CNSA", "description": "The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the national space program and for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. The CNSA has many launch sites around China with their orbital sites located in Jiuquan, Xichang, Taiyuan and Wenchang.", "administrator": "Administrator: Tang Dengjie", "founding_year": "1993", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "Shenzhou", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_image_20190207032431.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032431.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/liu_boming_image_20210616062506.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190023.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 3, "last_flight": "2021-06-17T01:22:31Z", "first_flight": "2008-09-25T13:10:04Z" }, { "id": 209, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/209/?format=api", "name": "Nie Haisheng", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P111DT14H13M24S", "eva_time": "PT5H55M", "age": 60, "date_of_birth": "1964-10-13", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Chinese", "bio": "Nie Haisheng is a Chinese military pilot and CNSA astronaut.\r\n\r\nIn 1998, he was selected for the Chinese spaceflight program and was one of three candidates who were part of the final group to train for the Shenzhou 5 flight, China's first manned spaceflight. Yang Liwei was picked for the flight, with Zhai Zhigang ranked second ahead of Niè Hǎishèng.\r\n\r\nNie went into orbit, along with Fei Junlong (commander), as flight engineer of the Shenzhou 6 flight on 12 October 2005. The mission lasted just under five days.\r\n\r\nHe was selected to be the commander of the backup crew for the Shenzhou 9 mission. In 2013, Nie was selected to command the Shenzhou 10 second manned space mission to the first Chinese space station Tiangong 1. He became the first officer hold general rank at the time of their launch in the Chinese program with the Shenzhou 10 mission.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nie_Haisheng", "agency": { "id": 17, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/17/?format=api", "name": "China National Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "CHN", "abbrev": "CNSA", "description": "The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the national space program and for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. The CNSA has many launch sites around China with their orbital sites located in Jiuquan, Xichang, Taiyuan and Wenchang.", "administrator": "Administrator: Tang Dengjie", "founding_year": "1993", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "Shenzhou", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_image_20190207032431.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032431.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/nie_haisheng_image_20210616062454.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185955.jpeg", "flights_count": 3, "landings_count": 3, "spacewalks_count": 1, "last_flight": "2021-06-17T01:22:31Z", "first_flight": "2005-10-12T01:00:03Z" }, { "id": 150, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/150/?format=api", "name": "Akihiko Hoshide", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P340DT11H9M43S", "eva_time": "P1DT4H17M", "age": 56, "date_of_birth": "1968-12-28", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Japanese", "bio": "Akihiko Hoshide is a Japanese engineer and JAXA astronaut. On August 30, 2012, Hoshide became the third Japanese astronaut to walk in space. His space selfies from 2012, including another space selfie that was posted on Instagram, appeared at the top of many selfie lists of 2013.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Aki_Hoshide", "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akihiko_Hoshide", "agency": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/37/?format=api", "name": "Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "JPN", "abbrev": "JAXA", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is Japan's national aero-space agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on 1 October 2003. JAXA is responsible for research, technology development and the launch of satellites into orbit, and is involved in many more advanced missions, such as asteroid exploration and possible manned exploration of the Moon. JAXA launch their Epsilon vehicle from the Uchinoura Space Center and their H-II vehicles from the Tanegashima Space Center.", "administrator": "Administrator: Hiroshi Yamakawa", "founding_year": "2003", "launchers": "H-II", "spacecraft": "", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/japan2520aerospace2520exploration2520agency_image_20190207032440.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/japan2520aerospace2520exploration2520agency_logo_20190207032440.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/akihiko_hoshide_image_20210327081731.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185651.jpeg", "flights_count": 3, "landings_count": 3, "spacewalks_count": 4, "last_flight": "2021-04-23T09:49:02Z", "first_flight": "2008-05-31T21:02:12Z" }, { "id": 550, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/550/?format=api", "name": "K. Megan McArthur", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P212DT15H21M2S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 53, "date_of_birth": "1971-08-30", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "bio": "Katherine Megan McArthur is an American oceanographer and a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) astronaut. She has served as a Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM) for both the space shuttle and space station. Megan McArthur has flown one space shuttle mission, STS-125. She is known as the last person to be hands on with the Hubble Space Telescope (although she was not actually \"hands on\" since she was using the robotic arm at the time). McArthur has served in a number of positions including working in the Shuttle Avionics Laboratory (SAIL). She is married to fellow astronaut Robert L. Behnken.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Astro_Megan", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/astro.megan", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._Megan_McArthur", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Acting Administrator: James Free", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/k._megan_mcarth_image_20210206225642.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190502.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "2021-04-23T09:49:02Z", "first_flight": "2009-05-11T18:01:56Z" }, { "id": 556, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/556/?format=api", "name": "Robert S. Kimbrough", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P388DT17H28M5S", "eva_time": "P2DT11H27M", "age": 57, "date_of_birth": "1967-06-04", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "bio": "Robert Shane Kimbrough is a retired United States Army officer, and a NASA astronaut. He was part of the first group of candidates selected for NASA astronaut training following the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. Kimbrough is a veteran of two spaceflights, the first being a Space Shuttle flight, and the second being a 6-month mission to the ISS on board a Russian Soyuz craft. He was the commander of the International Space Station for Expedition 50 and later spent 6 months on the ISS as part of the SpaceX Crew-2 mission. He retired from NASA on July 31, 2022.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/astro_kimbrough", "instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/astro_kimbrough/", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_S._Kimbrough", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Acting Administrator: James Free", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/robert_s._kimbr_image_20220911034003.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191130.jpeg", "flights_count": 3, "landings_count": 3, "spacewalks_count": 9, "last_flight": "2021-04-23T09:49:02Z", "first_flight": "2008-11-15T00:55:39Z" }, { "id": 1, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/1/?format=api", "name": "Thomas Pesquet", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P396DT11H33M45S", "eva_time": "P1DT15H54M", "age": 47, "date_of_birth": "1978-02-27", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "French", "bio": "Thomas Gautier Pesquet is a French aerospace engineer, pilot, and European Space Agency astronaut. Pesquet was selected by ESA as a candidate in May 2009, and he successfully completed his basic training in November 2010. From November 2016 to June 2017, Pesquet was part of Expeditions 50 and 51 on the International Space Station as a flight engineer.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Thom_astro", "instagram": "https://instagram.com/thom_astro", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Pesquet", "agency": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Multinational", "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,BEL,SVN", "abbrev": "ESA", "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. Established in 1975 and headquartered in Paris, France, ESA has a worldwide staff of about 2,000 employees.\r\n\r\nESA's space flight programme includes human spaceflight (mainly through participation in the International Space Station program); the launch and operation of unmanned exploration missions to other planets and the Moon; Earth observation, science and telecommunication; designing launch vehicles; and maintaining a major spaceport, the Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, French Guiana.", "administrator": "Director General: Josef Aschbacher", "founding_year": "1975", "launchers": "Ariane | Vega", "spacecraft": "Space Rider", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/esa_patch_float_image_20250211192109.png", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/european2520space2520agency_logo_20221130101442.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/thomas2520pesquet_image_20200102120546.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190357.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 6, "last_flight": "2021-04-23T09:49:02Z", "first_flight": "2016-11-17T20:20:13Z" }, { "id": 639, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/639/?format=api", "name": "Mannequin Skywalker", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 6, "name": "Non-Human" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "PT31M25S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": null, "date_of_birth": null, "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Earthling", "bio": "\"Mannequin Skywalker\" is a test dummy flown on Blue Origin New Shepard 3's initial flight test.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/TestDummyWalker", "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Origin_Mannequin_Skywalker", "agency": { "id": 141, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/141/?format=api", "name": "Blue Origin", "featured": true, "type": "Commercial", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "BO", "description": "Blue Origin is an American privately funded aerospace manufacturer and spaceflight services company set up by Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos with its headquarters in Kent, Washington. The company is developing technologies to enable private human access to space with the goal to dramatically lower costs and increase reliability. Blue Origin currently launches its New Shepard sub-orbital vehicle from its West Texas launch site, they are currently constructing a launch pad for their orbital vehicle New Glenn at Cape Canaveral LC-36.", "administrator": "CEO: Jeff Bezos", "founding_year": "2000", "launchers": "New Shepard | New Glenn", "spacecraft": "", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/blue2520origin_image_20190207032427.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/blue2520origin_logo_20190207032427.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/mannequin2520skywalker_image_20190309094011.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191128.jpeg", "flights_count": 3, "landings_count": 3, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "2021-04-14T16:49:15Z", "first_flight": "2017-12-12T16:59:00Z" }, { "id": 650, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/650/?format=api", "name": "Pyotr Dubrov", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P355DT3H45M19S", "eva_time": "P1DT5H49M", "age": 47, "date_of_birth": "1978-01-30", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Russian", "bio": "Dubrov was selected by Roscosmos as a cosmonaut on 8 October 2012, as one of eight cosmonauts selected as part of Roscosmos's 2012 selection group.\r\nIn 2020 he was assigned to the backup crew of Soyuz MS-17, backing up Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov as Flight Engineer on ISS Expedition 63/64", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr_Dubrov", "agency": { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "RUS", "abbrev": "RFSA", "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. 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