Spacecraft List
Modes
Levels of detail in the response - normal
, detailed
Example - /spacecraft/?mode=detailed
Filters
Parameters - in_space
, is_placeholder
, name
, spacecraft_config
, status
Example - /spacecraft/?is_placeholder=True
Search
Fields searched - name
, spacecraft_config__name
Example - /spacecraft/?search=Endeavour
Ordering
Fields - flights_count
, id
, mission_ends_count
, time_docked
, time_in_space
Example - /spacecraft/?ordering=-flights_count
Number of results
Use limit
to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)
Example - /spacecraft/?limit=2
Format
Switch to JSON output - /spacecraft/?format=json
Help
Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - ll.thespacedevs.com/docs
GET /2.3.0/spacecraft/?format=api&offset=460
https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/?format=api&limit=10&offset=470", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/?format=api&limit=10&offset=450", "results": [ { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 100, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/100/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz TM-30", "serial_number": "Soyuz TM 11F732A51 #204", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1930, "name": "[AUTO] Soyuz TM - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz_tm_image_20231228130713.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194152.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P72DT19H42M31S", "time_docked": "P70DT14H52M36S", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "Soyuz TM-30 was a Soyuz spacecraft which launched on 4 April 2000 05:01 UTC. It transported two members of the expedition 28 crew to Mir. The crew consisted of Sergei Zalyotin and Aleksandr Kaleri.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 41, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/41/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz TM", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Capsule" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "family": [ { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 1, "name": "Soyuz", "description": "Soyuz is a series of spacecraft which has been in service since the 1960s, having made more than 140 flights. It was designed for the Soviet space program by the Korolev Design Bureau (now Energia).", "manufacturer": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 1000, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/1000/?format=api", "name": "Energia", "abbrev": "OKB-1", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "parent": null, "maiden_flight": "1966-11-28" } ], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1930, "name": "[AUTO] Soyuz TM - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz_tm_image_20231228130713.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194152.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 153, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/153/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz 31", "serial_number": "Soyuz 7K-T 11F615A8 #47", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1927, "name": "[AUTO] Soyuz - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz_image_20201015191152.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194147.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P67DT20H12M47S", "time_docked": "P65DT14H40M23S", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "Soyuz 31 was a Soyuz spacecraft which launched on 26 August 1978 14:51 UTC. It transported two cosmonauts of EP-4 to Salyut 6. The crew was Valery Bykovsky and Sigmund Jähn.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 1, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/1/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Capsule" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "family": [ { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 1, "name": "Soyuz", "description": "Soyuz is a series of spacecraft which has been in service since the 1960s, having made more than 140 flights. It was designed for the Soviet space program by the Korolev Design Bureau (now Energia).", "manufacturer": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 1000, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/1000/?format=api", "name": "Energia", "abbrev": "OKB-1", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "parent": null, "maiden_flight": "1966-11-28" } ], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1927, "name": "[AUTO] Soyuz - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz_image_20201015191152.jpg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194147.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 263, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/263/?format=api", "name": "Progress M-11M", "serial_number": "Progress M-11M (No.411)", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1923, "name": "[AUTO] Progress-M (modified) - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/progress-m_252_image_20231219140115.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194140.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P71DT18H56M16S", "time_docked": "P60DT16H57M", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "Progress M-11M (Russian: Прогресс М-11М), identified by NASA as Progress 43 or 43P, is a Progress spacecraft which was launched on June 21, 2011 to resupply the International Space Station.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 34, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/34/?format=api", "name": "Progress-M (modified)", "type": { "id": 4, "name": "Cargo Resupply" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "family": [ { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 2, "name": "Progress", "description": "The Progress is a Russian expendable cargo spacecraft. Its purpose is to deliver the supplies needed to sustain a human presence in orbit.", "manufacturer": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 1000, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/1000/?format=api", "name": "Energia", "abbrev": "OKB-1", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "parent": null, "maiden_flight": "1978-01-20" } ], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1923, "name": "[AUTO] Progress-M (modified) - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/progress-m_252_image_20231219140115.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194140.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 29, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/29/?format=api", "name": "Apollo Yankee Clipper CSM-108", "serial_number": "CSM-108", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P10D", "time_docked": "P4DT10H50M20S", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "CSM-108 \"Yankee Clipper\" was an Apollo Command & Service Module used in the Apollo 12 mission.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 10, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/10/?format=api", "name": "Apollo Command/Service Module", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Capsule" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 999, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/999/?format=api", "name": "North American Aviation", "abbrev": "", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Commercial" } }, "family": [], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 264, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/264/?format=api", "name": "Progress M-10M", "serial_number": "Progress M-10M (No.410)", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1923, "name": "[AUTO] Progress-M (modified) - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/progress-m_252_image_20231219140115.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194140.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P184DT23H48M39S", "time_docked": "P182DT18H35M", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "Progress M-10M (Russian: Прогресс М-10М), identified by NASA as Progress 42 or 42P, is a Progress spacecraft which was launched on 27 April 2011 to resupply the International Space Station.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 34, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/34/?format=api", "name": "Progress-M (modified)", "type": { "id": 4, "name": "Cargo Resupply" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "family": [ { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 2, "name": "Progress", "description": "The Progress is a Russian expendable cargo spacecraft. Its purpose is to deliver the supplies needed to sustain a human presence in orbit.", "manufacturer": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 1000, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/1000/?format=api", "name": "Energia", "abbrev": "OKB-1", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "parent": null, "maiden_flight": "1978-01-20" } ], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1923, "name": "[AUTO] Progress-M (modified) - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/progress-m_252_image_20231219140115.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194140.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 30, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/30/?format=api", "name": "Apollo Odyssey CSM-109", "serial_number": "CSM-109", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P5DT22H53M57S", "time_docked": "P5DT18H10M52S", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "CSM-109 \"Odyssey\" was an Apollo Command & Service Module used in the Apollo 13 mission.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 10, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/10/?format=api", "name": "Apollo Command/Service Module", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Capsule" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 999, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/999/?format=api", "name": "North American Aviation", "abbrev": "", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Commercial" } }, "family": [], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 34, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/34/?format=api", "name": "Apollo Casper CSM-113", "serial_number": "CSM-113", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P11D", "time_docked": "P4DT14H10M32S", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "CSM-113 \"Casper\" was an Apollo Command & Service Module used in the Apollo 16 mission.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 10, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/10/?format=api", "name": "Apollo Command/Service Module", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Capsule" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 999, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/999/?format=api", "name": "North American Aviation", "abbrev": "", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Commercial" } }, "family": [], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 35, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/35/?format=api", "name": "Apollo America CSM-114", "serial_number": "CSM-114", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P0D", "time_docked": "P4DT11H32M2S", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "CSM-114 \"America\" was an Apollo Command & Service Module used in the Apollo 17 mission.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 10, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/10/?format=api", "name": "Apollo Command/Service Module", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Capsule" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 999, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/999/?format=api", "name": "North American Aviation", "abbrev": "", "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Commercial" } }, "family": [], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1902, "name": "[AUTO] Apollo Command/Service Module - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo2520command2fservice2520module_image_20190207032507.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194107.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/63/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz TMA-08M", "serial_number": "Soyuz TMA-M 11F732A47 #708", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1932, "name": "[AUTO] Soyuz TMA-M - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz_tma-m_image_20231225092103.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194155.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P166DT6H14M40S", "time_docked": "P165DT21H9M", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "Soyuz TMA-08M was a Soyuz spacecraft which launched on 28 March 2013 20:42 UTC. It transported three members of the Expedition 35 crew to the International Space Station. The crew consisted of Pavel Vinogradov, Alexander Misurkin, and Christopher Cassidy.", "spacecraft_config": { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 39, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft_configurations/39/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz TMA-M", "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Capsule" }, "agency": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "abbrev": "RFSA", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "family": [ { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 1, "name": "Soyuz", "description": "Soyuz is a series of spacecraft which has been in service since the 1960s, having made more than 140 flights. It was designed for the Soviet space program by the Korolev Design Bureau (now Energia).", "manufacturer": { "response_mode": "list", "id": 1000, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/1000/?format=api", "name": "Energia", "abbrev": "OKB-1", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Government" } }, "parent": null, "maiden_flight": "1966-11-28" } ], "in_use": false, "image": { "id": 1932, "name": "[AUTO] Soyuz TMA-M - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz_tma-m_image_20231225092103.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194155.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] } }, "fastest_turnaround": null }, { "response_mode": "normal", "id": 124, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/spacecraft/124/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz TM-6", "serial_number": "Soyuz TM 11F732A51 #56", "is_placeholder": false, "image": { "id": 1930, "name": "[AUTO] Soyuz TM - image", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz_tm_image_20231228130713.jpeg", "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305194152.jpeg", "credit": null, "license": { "id": 1, "name": "Unknown", "priority": 9, "link": null }, "single_use": true, "variants": [] }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P114DT5H33M49S", "time_docked": "P5DT18H14M13S", "flights_count": 1, "mission_ends_count": 1, "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Single Use" }, "description": "Soyuz TM-6 was a Soyuz spacecraft which launched on 29 August 1988 04:23 UTC. 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