Modes

Levels of detail in the response - list, normal, detailed

Example - /astronauts/?mode=list

Filters

Parameters - age, age__gt, age__gte, age__lt, age__lte, agency_ids, date_of_birth, date_of_birth__gt, date_of_birth__gte, date_of_birth__lt, date_of_birth__lte, date_of_death, date_of_death__gt, date_of_death__gte, date_of_death__lt, date_of_death__lte, first_flight, first_flight__gt, first_flight__gte, first_flight__lt, first_flight__lte, flights_count, flights_count__gt, flights_count__gte, flights_count__lt, flights_count__lte, has_flown, in_space, is_human, landings_count, landings_count__gt, landings_count__gte, landings_count__lt, landings_count__lte, last_flight, last_flight__gt, last_flight__gte, last_flight__lt, last_flight__lte, nationality, status_ids, type__id

Example - /astronauts/?has_flown=true

Fields searched - agency__abbrev, agency__name, name, nationality__nationality_name

Example - /astronauts/?search=Pesquet

Ordering

Fields - age, date_of_birth, eva_time, flights_count, id, landings_count, last_flight, name, spacewalks_count, status, time_in_space

Example - /astronauts/?ordering=-time_in_space

Number of results

Use limit to control the number of objects in the response (max 100)

Example - /astronauts/?limit=2

Format

Switch to JSON output - /astronauts/?format=json

Help

Find all the FAQs and support links on the documentation homepage - ll.thespacedevs.com/docs

GET /2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&offset=40&ordering=spacewalks_count
HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "count": 807,
    "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=50&ordering=spacewalks_count",
    "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/?format=api&limit=10&offset=30&ordering=spacewalks_count",
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 418,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/418/?format=api",
            "name": "Mae Jemison",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 501,
                "name": "[AUTO] Mae Jemison - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/mae_jemison_image_20220911033619.jpeg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190022.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P7DT22H30M",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 68,
            "date_of_birth": "1956-10-17",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Mae Carol Jemison is an American engineer, physician and NASA astronaut. She became the first African American woman to travel in space when she went into orbit aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour on September 12, 1992. After medical school and a brief general practice, Jemison served in the Peace Corps from 1985 until 1987, when she was selected by NASA to join the astronaut corps. She resigned from NASA in 1993 to found a company researching the application of technology to daily life. She has appeared on television several times, including as an actress in an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation. She is a dancer and holds nine honorary doctorates in science, engineering, letters, and the humanities. She is the current principal of the 100 Year Starship organization.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mae_Jemison",
            "last_flight": "1992-09-12T14:23:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1992-09-12T14:23:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [
                {
                    "id": 1,
                    "social_media": {
                        "id": 1,
                        "name": "X",
                        "url": "https://x.com",
                        "logo": {
                            "id": 2320,
                            "name": "X logo",
                            "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg",
                            "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg",
                            "credit": "X",
                            "license": {
                                "id": 1,
                                "name": "Unknown",
                                "priority": 9,
                                "link": null
                            },
                            "single_use": true,
                            "variants": []
                        }
                    },
                    "url": "https://twitter.com/maejemison"
                }
            ],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 730,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/730/?format=api",
            "name": "Victor Vescovo",
            "status": {
                "id": 14,
                "name": "Occasional Spaceflight"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 141,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/141/?format=api",
                "name": "Blue Origin",
                "abbrev": "BO",
                "type": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "name": "Commercial"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 216,
                "name": "[AUTO] Victor Vescovo - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/victor_vescovo_image_20220911033720.png",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185235.png",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Private"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "PT10M45S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": null,
            "date_of_birth": null,
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Victor is a co-founder of private equity investment firm Insight Equity. He has completed the “Explorer’s Grand Slam,” which includes summiting the world’s seven summits and skiing to the North and South Poles. In 2020, he became the first person to repeatedly dive to the deepest point in the ocean, Challenger Deep (now twelve times). He is the first person to visit the deepest point in the world’s five oceans and executed the deepest wreck dive in history. Victor is a commercially-rated multi-engine jet and helicopter pilot, as well as a certified submersible test pilot. He holds degrees from Stanford, MIT, and Harvard Business School, and served 20 years in the U.S. Navy Reserve as an intelligence officer, retiring as a Commander (O-5).",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Vescovo",
            "last_flight": "2022-06-04T13:25:02Z",
            "first_flight": "2022-06-04T13:25:02Z",
            "social_media_links": [
                {
                    "id": 51,
                    "social_media": {
                        "id": 1,
                        "name": "X",
                        "url": "https://x.com",
                        "logo": {
                            "id": 2320,
                            "name": "X logo",
                            "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_20250211191027.jpg",
                            "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/x_logo_image_thumbnail_20250211191027.jpeg",
                            "credit": "X",
                            "license": {
                                "id": 1,
                                "name": "Unknown",
                                "priority": 9,
                                "link": null
                            },
                            "single_use": true,
                            "variants": []
                        }
                    },
                    "url": "https://twitter.com/VictorVescovo"
                }
            ],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 357,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/357/?format=api",
            "name": "Judith Resnik",
            "status": {
                "id": 4,
                "name": "Lost In Flight"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 665,
                "name": "[AUTO] Judith Resnik - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/judith_resnik_image_20220911033530.jpeg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190441.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P6DT56M23S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 36,
            "date_of_birth": "1949-04-05",
            "date_of_death": "1986-01-28",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Judith Arlene Resnik was an American electrical engineer, software engineer, biomedical engineer, pilot and NASA astronaut, who died when the Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed during the launch of mission STS-51-L.\r\n\r\nRecognised while still a child for her \"intellectual brilliance\",[1] Resnik went on to work for RCA as an engineer on NASA missile and radar projects, was a senior systems engineer for Xerox Corporation, and published research on special purpose integrated circuitry, before she was recruited by NASA to the astronaut program as a mission specialist at age 28. While training on the astronaut program, she developed software and operating procedures for NASA missions.[2] She was also a pilot and made research contributions to biomedical engineering, as a research fellow of biomedical engineering at the National Institutes of Health.\r\n\r\nInitially planning to be a concert pianist, Resnik had turned down a place at the Juilliard School of Music, choosing instead to study mathematics at Carnegie Mellon University after being one of only 16 girls in the United States to have attained 100% scores in her SAT exams at the time. She went on to graduate from Carnegie Institute of Technology in electrical engineering, before graduating with a Ph.D. magna cum laude in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland.\r\n\r\nResnik was the second American woman in space, and the fourth woman in space worldwide, logging 145 hours in orbit. She was also the first Jewish American in space, and the first Jewish woman of any nationality in space. The IEEE Judith Resnik Award for space engineering is named in her honor.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judith_Resnik",
            "last_flight": "1986-01-28T16:38:00Z",
            "first_flight": "1984-08-30T12:41:50Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 2,
            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 305,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/305/?format=api",
            "name": "Joe Engle",
            "status": {
                "id": 11,
                "name": "Deceased"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 44,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                "abbrev": "NASA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 479,
                "name": "[AUTO] Joe Engle - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/joe2520engle_image_20181202090904.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185948.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P9DT8H59M59S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 91,
            "date_of_birth": "1932-08-26",
            "date_of_death": "2024-07-10",
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Joe Henry Engle was an American pilot who served in the United States Air Force, test pilot for the North American X-15 program, aeronautical engineer, and a NASA astronaut.\r\n\r\nEngle test-flew the joint NASA-Air Force X-15 rocket airplane. During the course of testing, Engle earned his USAF Astronaut Wings, a Distinguished Flying Cross and other awards. Engle was selected by NASA in 1966 for the Apollo program, and was originally scheduled to land on the Moon as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 17, but was bumped when later flights were cancelled, so that geologist-astronaut Harrison H. Schmitt could fly.\r\n\r\nHe subsequently became one of the first astronauts in the Space Shuttle program, having flight tested the Space Shuttle Enterprise in 1977. He was Commander of the second orbital test flight of the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1981.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Engle",
            "last_flight": "1985-08-27T10:58:01Z",
            "first_flight": "1965-06-29T18:21:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 5,
            "landings_count": 5,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 790,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/790/?format=api",
            "name": "Edward Joseph Dwight Jr",
            "status": {
                "id": 14,
                "name": "Occasional Spaceflight"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 141,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/141/?format=api",
                "name": "Blue Origin",
                "abbrev": "BO",
                "type": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "name": "Commercial"
                }
            },
            "image": null,
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Private"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "PT9M53S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 91,
            "date_of_birth": "1933-09-09",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "In 1961, Ed was chosen by President John F. Kennedy to enter training at the Aerospace Research Pilot School (ARPS), an elite U.S. Air Force flight training program known as a pathway for entering the NASA Astronaut Corps. In 1963, after successfully completing the ARPS program, Ed was recommended by the U.S. Air Force for the NASA Astronaut Corps but ultimately was not among those selected. He entered private life in 1966 and spent a decade as an entrepreneur before dedicating his life’s work to using sculpture as a medium to tell the story of Black history. He’s spent the last five decades creating large-scale monuments of iconic Black figures, including Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Frederick Douglass, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad, among many others. His more than 130 public works are installed in museums and public spaces across the U.S. and Canada. Ed was born in 1933 and raised in Kansas City, KS.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Dwight",
            "last_flight": "2024-05-19T14:35:09Z",
            "first_flight": "2024-05-19T14:35:09Z",
            "social_media_links": [
                {
                    "id": 212,
                    "social_media": {
                        "id": 3,
                        "name": "Homepage",
                        "url": null,
                        "logo": null
                    },
                    "url": "https://www.eddwight.com/"
                }
            ],
            "flights_count": 1,
            "landings_count": 1,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 750,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/750/?format=api",
            "name": "Raphaël Liégeois",
            "status": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "In-Training"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 27,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/27/?format=api",
                "name": "European Space Agency",
                "abbrev": "ESA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "Multinational"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 708,
                "name": "[AUTO] Raphaël Liégeois - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rapha25c325ab_image_20221123151537.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190557.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P0D",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": null,
            "date_of_birth": null,
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 20,
                    "name": "Belgium",
                    "alpha_2_code": "BE",
                    "alpha_3_code": "BEL",
                    "nationality_name": "Belgian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Belgo"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Raphaël studied biomedical engineering at the University of Liège, Belgium, from 2005 to 2011. He also became Ingénieur Centralien as part of a double degree exchange programme with the École Centrale Paris, France, in 2009 and earned a master’s degree in fundamental physics from the University Paris-Sud Orsay, France, in 2010.\r\nFrom 2011 to 2015, he completed a Doctorate in neuroscience at the University of Liège, Belgium, where he developed mathematical models of brain function. \r\nFrom 2015 to 2017, he completed a post-doctoral research stay at the National University of Singapore, where his research aimed at defining new neuroimaging markers of neurodegenerative diseases. From 2018 to 2021, Raphaël was a senior post-doctoral research fellow with the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland, where he developed dynamic models of brain function. During this time, Raphaël was also a visiting research scholar at Stanford University, USA, in 2019. \r\n\r\nFrom 2021, Raphaël has been working as a Research and Teaching Fellow at the University of Geneva and the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland, where he taught neuroengineering and statistics courses, and pursued research on brain dynamics in health and disease. His research was awarded with several prizes and honours and he was active as organiser of multiple international courses and events.",
            "wiki": null,
            "last_flight": null,
            "first_flight": null,
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 0,
            "landings_count": 0,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 644,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/644/?format=api",
            "name": "Nikolai Tikhonov",
            "status": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Retired"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
            },
            "image": {
                "id": 903,
                "name": "[AUTO] Nikolai Tikhonov - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/nikolai2520tikhonov_image_20200129210520.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305191106.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
            },
            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
            },
            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P0D",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 42,
            "date_of_birth": "1982-05-23",
            "date_of_death": null,
            "nationality": [
                {
                    "id": 5,
                    "name": "Russia",
                    "alpha_2_code": "RU",
                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Russo"
                }
            ],
            "bio": "Nikolay Vladimirovich Tikhonov (Russian: Николай В. Тихонов) was born May 23, 1982. He is a former Russian cosmonaut, selected in 2006.\r\n\r\nHe was selected as a backup flight engineer for Soyuz MS-02. He was made a prime crew member of Soyuz MS-04 but, due to Russian budget cuts, the crews were changed and Tikhonov was then slated to make his first spaceflight on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft. He was again removed from the manifest due to delays in launching the Russian Nauka module. He was scheduled to fly into space as commander of the Soyuz MS-15 mission, although he was removed for a third time following the aborted launch of Soyuz MS-10, and the subsequent crew changes that followed. He was then scheduled to finally make his first flight onboard Soyuz MS-16 in 2020. However he reportedly got an eye injury a month before the launch, was replaced on the flight, and subsequently left the cosmonaut corps due to health issues.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Tikhonov_(cosmonaut)",
            "last_flight": null,
            "first_flight": null,
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 0,
            "landings_count": 0,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 283,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/283/?format=api",
            "name": "Vladislav Volkov",
            "status": {
                "id": 4,
                "name": "Lost In Flight"
            },
            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 63,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                "abbrev": "RFSA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Government"
                }
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            "image": {
                "id": 374,
                "name": "[AUTO] Vladislav Volkov - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/vladislav2520volkov_image_20181201224807.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185704.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
                },
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                "variants": []
            },
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            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
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            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P28DT17H2M6S",
            "eva_time": "P0D",
            "age": 35,
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            "date_of_death": "1971-06-30",
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                    "name": "Russia",
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                    "alpha_3_code": "RUS",
                    "nationality_name": "Russian",
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            ],
            "bio": "Vladislav Nikolayevich Volkov (Russian: Владисла́в Никола́евич Во́лков; November 23, 1935 – June 30, 1971) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on the Soyuz 7 and Soyuz 11 missions. The second mission terminated fatally.\r\n\r\nVolkov, on his second space mission in 1971, was assigned to Soyuz 11. The three cosmonauts on this flight spent 23 days on Salyut 1, the world's first space station. After three relatively placid weeks in orbit, however, Soyuz 11 became the second Soviet space flight to terminate fatally, after Soyuz 1.\r\n\r\nAfter a normal re-entry, the Soyuz 11 capsule was opened and the corpses of the three crew members were found inside. It was discovered that a valve had opened just prior to leaving orbit that had allowed the capsule's atmosphere to vent away into space, causing Volkov and his two flight companions to suffer fatal hypoxia as their cabin descended toward the earth's atmosphere.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladislav_Volkov",
            "last_flight": "1971-06-06T04:55:09Z",
            "first_flight": "1969-10-12T10:44:42Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
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            "landings_count": 2,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
        },
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            "id": 674,
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/674/?format=api",
            "name": "Doug Shane",
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                "name": "Retired"
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                "name": "Virgin Galactic",
                "abbrev": "VG",
                "type": {
                    "id": 5,
                    "name": "Private"
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            "image": {
                "id": 663,
                "name": "[AUTO] Doug Shane - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/doug_shane_image_20210522150034.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190438.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
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                "single_use": true,
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                "id": 3,
                "name": "Private"
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            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P0D",
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            "age": 65,
            "date_of_birth": "1960-01-01",
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                    "name": "United States of America",
                    "alpha_2_code": "US",
                    "alpha_3_code": "USA",
                    "nationality_name": "American",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Americano"
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            ],
            "bio": "Douglas Bennett Shane is President of The Spaceship Company, as well as an American test pilot who has trained as a commercial astronaut. He was a member of the Scaled Composites astronaut team and one of the test pilots for SpaceShipOne, the experimental spaceplane developed by Scaled Composites. Shane worked as the operations director on the SpaceShipOne project in addition to being one of the program pilots, and later served as President of Scaled Composites from 2008 through early 2013.\r\n\r\nBirthday is unknown.",
            "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug_Shane",
            "last_flight": "2011-06-14T12:00:00Z",
            "first_flight": "2011-04-22T12:00:00Z",
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 4,
            "landings_count": 4,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
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            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/astronauts/749/?format=api",
            "name": "Rosemary Coogan",
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            "agency": {
                "response_mode": "list",
                "id": 27,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.3.0/agencies/27/?format=api",
                "name": "European Space Agency",
                "abbrev": "ESA",
                "type": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "name": "Multinational"
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            "image": {
                "id": 222,
                "name": "[AUTO] Rosemary Coogan - image",
                "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rosemary_coogan_image_20221123151351.jpg",
                "thumbnail_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185245.jpeg",
                "credit": null,
                "license": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "Unknown",
                    "priority": 9,
                    "link": null
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                "single_use": true,
                "variants": []
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            "response_mode": "normal",
            "type": {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "Government"
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            "in_space": false,
            "time_in_space": "P0D",
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                    "alpha_3_code": "GBR",
                    "nationality_name": "British",
                    "nationality_name_composed": "Brito"
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            ],
            "bio": "Rosemary holds two master’s degrees from the University of Durham, UK. She completed her undergraduate master’s degree of Physics in 2013 which focused on physics, mathematics, computer programming and astronomy. In 2015, she received her master's degree in Astronomy, where she conducted research on gamma-ray emission from black holes.  \r\n\r\nIn 2019, Rosemary graduated with a doctorate in astronomy from the University of Sussex, UK.\r\n\r\nBetween 2013 and 2018, Rosemary spent more than one year working as a simulation support engineer and research data scientist in the UK, where she worked on software code development projects and developed machine learning techniques for anomaly detection from robotic sensors.  \r\n\r\nIn 2019, Rosemary started a postdoctoral research fellowship in astrophysics at the Max Planck Institute for Extra-terrestrial physics in Munich, Germany, to study the evolution of galaxies with astronomical data from space- and ground-based telescopes.\r\n\r\nAfter completing this postdoctoral work in 2022, Rosemary joined French space agency CNES in Paris, France, as a research fellow in space science, where she worked on upcoming ESA/CNES missions such as EUCLID or the analysis of James Webb Space Telescope observations.",
            "wiki": null,
            "last_flight": null,
            "first_flight": null,
            "social_media_links": [],
            "flights_count": 0,
            "landings_count": 0,
            "spacewalks_count": 0
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}