Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=7420&ordering=net
{ "count": 7603, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=7430&ordering=net", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=7410&ordering=net", "results": [ { "id": "a2234679-5efe-4a00-9aff-cf82dbac22b0", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/a2234679-5efe-4a00-9aff-cf82dbac22b0/?format=api", "slug": "h3-24-htv-x2", "name": "H3-24 | HTV-X2", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "To Be Determined", "abbrev": "TBD", "description": "Current date is a placeholder or rough estimation based on unreliable or interpreted sources." }, "last_updated": "2024-12-10T14:10:00Z", "net": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_end": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_start": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 14, "name": "Year", "abbrev": "Y", "description": "The T-0 is expected in the given year." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 98, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/98/?format=api", "name": "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 7771, "configuration": { "id": 204, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/204/?format=api", "name": "H3-24", "family": "H3", "full_name": "H3-24", "variant": "24" } }, "mission": { "id": 6289, "name": "HTV-X2", "description": "Second flight of the upgraded Japanese HTV-X spacecraft designed to resupply the International Space Station.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Resupply", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 209, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/209/?format=api", "agency_id": 37, "name": "Yoshinobu Launch Complex LP-2", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshinobu_Launch_Complex", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=30.400938,130.97564", "latitude": "30.400938", "longitude": "130.97564", "location": { "id": 26, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/26/?format=api", "name": "Tanegashima Space Center, Japan", "country_code": "JPN", "description": "The Tanegashima Space Center is the largest rocket-launch complex in Japan. It is located on the southeastern tip of Tanegashima, an island located south of Kyushu, an island and region and Japan. It was established in 1969 when the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) was formed, and is now run by JAXA. The activities that take place at TNSC include assembly, testing, launching, and tracking satellites, as well as rocket engine firing tests.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_26_20200803142507.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Tokyo", "total_launch_count": 95, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "JPN", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_yoshinobu_launch_complex_lp-2_20230707124715.jpg", "total_launch_count": 14, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 14 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/h-iii_image_20221104084531.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [ { "id": 17, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/17/?format=api", "name": "International Space Station", "description": "The International Space Station programme is tied together by a complex set of legal, political and financial agreements between the sixteen nations involved in the project, governing ownership of the various components, rights to crewing and utilization, and responsibilities for crew rotation and resupply of the International Space Station. It was conceived in 1984 by President Ronald Reagan, during the Space Station Freedom project as it was originally called.", "agencies": [ { "id": 16, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/16/?format=api", "name": "Canadian Space Agency", "type": "Government" }, { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" }, { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/37/?format=api", "name": "Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency", "type": "Government" }, { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "type": "Government" } ], "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/international2_program_20201129184745.png", "start_date": "1998-11-20T06:40:00Z", "end_date": null, "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Space_Station_programme", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Human Spaceflight" } } ], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 7292, "location_launch_attempt_count": 105, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 24, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 64, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 130, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "71ed4649-8d71-42e8-8548-d42ffa2c5a6e", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/71ed4649-8d71-42e8-8548-d42ffa2c5a6e/?format=api", "slug": "falcon-9-block-5-sda-tranche-2-transport-layer-e", "name": "Falcon 9 Block 5 | SDA Tranche 2 Transport Layer E", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "To Be Determined", "abbrev": "TBD", "description": "Current date is a placeholder or rough estimation based on unreliable or interpreted sources." }, "last_updated": "2025-04-10T05:42:02Z", "net": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_end": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_start": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 7, "name": "Month", "abbrev": "M", "description": "The T-0 is expected in the given month." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8583, "configuration": { "id": 164, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/164/?format=api", "name": "Falcon 9", "family": "Falcon", "full_name": "Falcon 9 Block 5", "variant": "Block 5" } }, "mission": { "id": 7175, "name": "SDA Tranche 2 Transport Layer E", "description": "Classified mission launched by the Space Development Agency (SDA) for Tranche 2 Transport Layer.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 13, "name": "Polar Orbit", "abbrev": "PO" }, "agencies": [ { "id": 1056, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/1056/?format=api", "name": "Space Development Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "SDA", "description": "The Space Development Agency (SDA) is a United States Space Force direct-reporting unit tasked with deploying disruptive space technology. A primary focus is space-based missile defense using large global satellite constellations made up of industry-procured low-cost satellites.", "administrator": "Director: Derek Tournear", "founding_year": "2019", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 0, "consecutive_successful_launches": 0, "successful_launches": 0, "failed_launches": 0, "pending_launches": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "https://www.sda.mil/", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Development_Agency", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520development2520agency_logo_20230806170522.jpg", "image_url": null, "nation_url": null } ], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 16, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/16/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Space Launch Complex 4E", "description": "Space Launch Complex 4 East (SLC-4E) is a launch site at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, U.S.\r\n\r\nThe pad was previously used by Atlas and Titan rockets between 1963 and 2005. The pad was built for use by Atlas-Agena rockets, but was later rebuilt to handle Titan rockets.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_4#SLC-4E", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=34.632,-120.611", "latitude": "34.632", "longitude": "-120.611", "location": { "id": 11, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/11/?format=api", "name": "Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Vandenberg Space Force Base is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_11_20200803142416.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 830, "total_landing_count": 28 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_16_20200803143532.jpg", "total_launch_count": 216, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 216 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/falcon_9_image_20230807133459.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 7292, "location_launch_attempt_count": 875, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 249, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 649, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 130, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 25, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 15, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 46, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "1ce39fa1-5f79-4d7b-9aa9-9a5aad74a46a", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/1ce39fa1-5f79-4d7b-9aa9-9a5aad74a46a/?format=api", "slug": "falcon-9-block-5-telesat-lightspeed-7", "name": "Falcon 9 Block 5 | Telesat Lightspeed 7", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "To Be Determined", "abbrev": "TBD", "description": "Current date is a placeholder or rough estimation based on unreliable or interpreted sources." }, "last_updated": "2023-09-11T12:43:13Z", "net": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_end": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_start": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 14, "name": "Year", "abbrev": "Y", "description": "The T-0 is expected in the given year." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8010, "configuration": { "id": 164, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/164/?format=api", "name": "Falcon 9", "family": "Falcon", "full_name": "Falcon 9 Block 5", "variant": "Block 5" } }, "mission": { "id": 6546, "name": "Telesat Lightspeed 7", "description": "Up to 18 satellites manufactured by MDA for Canadian satellite operator Telesat's Lightspeed constellation.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [ { "id": 208, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/208/?format=api", "name": "Telesat", "featured": false, "type": "Commercial", "country_code": "CAN", "abbrev": "TELE", "description": "Telesat, formerly Telesat Canada, is a Canadian satellite communications company founded on May 2, 1969.", "administrator": null, "founding_year": null, "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 0, "consecutive_successful_launches": 0, "successful_launches": 0, "failed_launches": 0, "pending_launches": 0, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "https://www.telesat.com/", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telesat", "logo_url": null, "image_url": null, "nation_url": null } ], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 72, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/72/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Unknown Pad", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.458,-80.528", "latitude": "28.458", "longitude": "-80.528", "location": { "id": 12, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/12/?format=api", "name": "Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_12_20200803142519.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 1053, "total_landing_count": 68 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_72_20200803143403.jpg", "total_launch_count": 0, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 0 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/falcon_9_image_20230807133459.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 7292, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1130, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 38, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 649, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 130, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 51, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 25, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 46, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "526b4a0f-f0c9-4a20-9066-e9fc8c79307b", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/526b4a0f-f0c9-4a20-9066-e9fc8c79307b/?format=api", "slug": "ariane-62-plato", "name": "Ariane 62 | PLATO", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "To Be Determined", "abbrev": "TBD", "description": "Current date is a placeholder or rough estimation based on unreliable or interpreted sources." }, "last_updated": "2025-01-30T09:49:28Z", "net": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_end": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_start": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 11, "name": "Quarter 4", "abbrev": "Q4", "description": "The T-0 is expected in the fourth quarter of the given year." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 115, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/115/?format=api", "name": "Arianespace", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8508, "configuration": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/121/?format=api", "name": "Ariane 62", "family": "Ariane", "full_name": "Ariane 62", "variant": "62" } }, "mission": { "id": 7098, "name": "PLATO", "description": "Plato, for PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars, is a European Space Agency (ESA) mission with 26 cameras to study terrestrial exoplanets in orbits up to the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. Its goal is to measure the sizes of exoplanets and discover exomoons and rings around them, as well as characterise planets' host stars by studying tiny light variations in the starlight it receives.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Astrophysics", "orbit": { "id": 16, "name": "Sun-Earth L2", "abbrev": "L2" }, "agencies": [ { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "featured": false, "type": "Multinational", "country_code": "FRA,ITA,DEU,ESP,CHE,GBR,AUT,SWE,PRT,NLD,HUN,POL,DNK,CZE,ROU,NOR,FIN,GRC,EST,IRL,LUX,BEL,SVN", "abbrev": "ESA", "description": "The European Space Agency is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states. Established in 1975 and headquartered in Paris, France, ESA has a worldwide staff of about 2,000 employees.\r\n\r\nESA's space flight programme includes human spaceflight (mainly through participation in the International Space Station program); the launch and operation of unmanned exploration missions to other planets and the Moon; Earth observation, science and telecommunication; designing launch vehicles; and maintaining a major spaceport, the Guiana Space Centre at Kourou, French Guiana.", "administrator": "Director General: Josef Aschbacher", "founding_year": "1975", "launchers": "Ariane | Vega", "spacecraft": "Space Rider", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 7, "consecutive_successful_launches": 5, "successful_launches": 6, "failed_launches": 1, "pending_launches": 1, "consecutive_successful_landings": 0, "successful_landings": 0, "failed_landings": 0, "attempted_landings": 0, "info_url": "https://www.esa.int/", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Space_Agency", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/european2520space2520agency_logo_20221130101442.png", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/esa_patch_float_image_20250211192109.png", "nation_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/european2520space2520agency_logo_20221130101442.png" } ], "info_urls": [ { "priority": 10, "source": "www.esa.int", "title": "Plato", "description": "ESA’s mission Plato, PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars, will use its 26 cameras to study terrestrial exoplanets in orbits up to the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. The mission will measure the sizes of exoplanets and discover exomoons and rings around them. Plato will also characterise ...", "feature_image": null, "url": "https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Plato", "type": { "id": 1, "name": "Official Page" }, "language": { "id": 1, "name": "English", "code": "en" } } ], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 67, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/67/?format=api", "agency_id": 115, "name": "Ariane Launch Area 4", "description": "ELA-4, is a launch pad and associated facilities at the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guiana. The complex is composed of a launch pad with mobile gantry, an horizontal assembly building and a dedicated launch operations building. ELA-4 is operated by Arianespace as part of the Ariane 6 program.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=5.256319,-52.786838", "latitude": "5.256319", "longitude": "-52.786838", "location": { "id": 13, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/13/?format=api", "name": "Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana", "country_code": "GUF", "description": "The Guiana Space Centre is a European spaceport to the northwest of Kourou in French Guiana, a region of France in South America. Kourou is located at a latitude of 5°. In operation since 1968, it is a suitable location for a spaceport because of its equatorial location and open sea to the east.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_13_20200803142412.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Cayenne", "total_launch_count": 327, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "GUF", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_67_20200803143559.jpg", "total_launch_count": 3, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ariane_62_lifto_image_20240711132056.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 7292, "location_launch_attempt_count": 351, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 15, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 344, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 130, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 17, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 10, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 17, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "7d1736d2-56e0-43a2-8665-4daf5074e65b", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/7d1736d2-56e0-43a2-8665-4daf5074e65b/?format=api", "slug": "falcon-heavy-astrobotic-3", "name": "Falcon Heavy | Astrobotic-3", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "To Be Determined", "abbrev": "TBD", "description": "Current date is a placeholder or rough estimation based on unreliable or interpreted sources." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T09:15:22Z", "net": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_end": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_start": "2026-12-31T00:00:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 7840, "configuration": { "id": 161, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/161/?format=api", "name": "Falcon Heavy", "family": "Falcon", "full_name": "Falcon Heavy", "variant": "Heavy" } }, "mission": { "id": 6347, "name": "Astrobotic-3", "description": "Third Astrobotic lunar mission, details TBA.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Robotic Exploration", "orbit": { "id": 11, "name": "Lunar Orbit", "abbrev": "LO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 87, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/87/?format=api", "agency_id": 121, "name": "Launch Complex 39A", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39#Launch_Pad_39A", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.60822681,-80.60428186", "latitude": "28.60822681", "longitude": "-80.60428186", "location": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/27/?format=api", "name": "Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center, located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of NASA's ten field centers. Since 1968, KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of American spaceflight, research, and technology. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. 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