Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=7170&ordering=-id
{ "count": 7499, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=7180&ordering=-id", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=7160&ordering=-id", "results": [ { "id": "0b896593-2d29-4229-a381-568790d9cfce", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0b896593-2d29-4229-a381-568790d9cfce/?format=api", "slug": "scout-b-san-marco-2", "name": "Scout B | San Marco 2", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:25:55Z", "net": "1967-04-26T10:06:24Z", "window_end": "1967-04-26T10:06:24Z", "window_start": "1967-04-26T10:06:24Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 1018, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/1018/?format=api", "name": "National Research Council", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 3648, "configuration": { "id": 358, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/358/?format=api", "name": "Scout B", "family": "Scout", "full_name": "Scout B", "variant": "B" } }, "mission": { "id": 2066, "name": "San Marco 2", "description": "San Marco 2 was a 66-cm-diameter spherical satellite with two experiments, one designed to make direct measurements of air density below 350 km, and the other an ionospheric beacon experiment developed to observe electron content between the earth and the satellite.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 155, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/155/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "San Marco platform", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broglio_Space_Center", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=-2.9383333,40.210306", "latitude": "-2.9383333", "longitude": "40.210306", "location": { "id": 151, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/151/?format=api", "name": "Broglio Space Center, Kenya", "country_code": "ITA", "description": "The Luigi Broglio Space Center (BSC) located near Malindi, Kenya, is an Italian Space Agency (ASI) Spaceport. It served as a spaceport for the launch of both Italian and international satellites, but is currently only used for satellite communications.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_151_20200803142409.jpg", "timezone_name": "Africa/Nairobi", "total_launch_count": 9, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "ITA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_155_20200803143349.jpg", "total_launch_count": 9, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 9 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 690, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 42, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "0b85fcca-5252-48d7-9ccb-c10b1da9d183", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0b85fcca-5252-48d7-9ccb-c10b1da9d183/?format=api", "slug": "ariane-62-2-x-galileo", "name": "Ariane 62 | 2 x Galileo", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "To Be Determined", "abbrev": "TBD", "description": "Current date is a placeholder or rough estimation based on unreliable or interpreted sources." }, "last_updated": "2023-12-30T11:07:46Z", "net": "2025-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_end": "2025-12-31T00:00:00Z", "window_start": "2025-12-31T00:00:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 115, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/115/?format=api", "name": "Arianespace", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 7510, "configuration": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/121/?format=api", "name": "Ariane 62", "family": "Ariane", "full_name": "Ariane 62", "variant": "62" } }, "mission": { "id": 5919, "name": "2 x Galileo", "description": "Payload consists of two satellites for Europe's Galileo navigation system.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Navigation", "orbit": { "id": 12, "name": "Medium Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "MEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 67, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/67/?format=api", "agency_id": 115, "name": "Ariane Launch Area 4", "description": "ELA-4, is a launch pad and associated facilities at the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guiana. The complex is composed of a launch pad with mobile gantry, an horizontal assembly building and a dedicated launch operations building. ELA-4 is operated by Arianespace as part of the Ariane 6 program.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=5.256319,-52.786838", "latitude": "5.256319", "longitude": "-52.786838", "location": { "id": 13, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/13/?format=api", "name": "Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana", "country_code": "GUF", "description": "The Guiana Space Centre is a European spaceport to the northwest of Kourou in French Guiana, a region of France in South America. Kourou is located at a latitude of 5°. In operation since 1968, it is a suitable location for a spaceport because of its equatorial location and open sea to the east.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_13_20200803142412.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Cayenne", "total_launch_count": 325, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "GUF", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_67_20200803143559.jpg", "total_launch_count": 2, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 2 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ariane_62_lifto_image_20240711132056.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [ { "id": 30, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/30/?format=api", "name": "Galileo", "description": "Galileo is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that went live in 2016, created by the European Union through the European Space Agency (ESA), operated by the European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA).", "agencies": [ { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api", "name": "European Space Agency", "type": "Multinational" } ], "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/galileo_program_20231230110547.png", "start_date": "2011-10-21T10:30:00Z", "end_date": null, "info_url": "https://www.gsc-europa.eu/", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 4, "name": "Navigation Constellation" } } ], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 7122, "location_launch_attempt_count": 343, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 12, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 336, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 273, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 20, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 11, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 19, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "0b852c51-3537-42e5-8a9b-7fe6c059112c", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0b852c51-3537-42e5-8a9b-7fe6c059112c/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-pvb-zenit-8-102", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB | Zenit-8 102", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:50:25Z", "net": "1994-06-07T07:20:00Z", "window_end": "1994-06-07T07:20:00Z", "window_start": "1994-06-07T07:20:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 193, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/193/?format=api", "name": "Russian Space Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6590, "configuration": { "id": 378, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/378/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "variant": "U-PVB" } }, "mission": { "id": 4980, "name": "Zenit-8 102", "description": "Film-return reconnaissance satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 35, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/35/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "16/2", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.960091,40.682983", "latitude": "62.960091", "longitude": "40.682983", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_35_20200803143306.jpg", "total_launch_count": 136, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 136 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3902, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1447, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 110, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 36, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 34, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 7, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 6, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "0b7d44c4-ac5e-4daa-bba4-a22a545351ca", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0b7d44c4-ac5e-4daa-bba4-a22a545351ca/?format=api", "slug": "pegasus-xl-interstellar-boundary-explorer-ibex", "name": "Pegasus XL | Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX)", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:54:55Z", "net": "2008-10-19T17:47:23Z", "window_end": "2008-10-19T17:47:23Z", "window_start": "2008-10-19T17:47:23Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 100, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/100/?format=api", "name": "Orbital Sciences Corporation", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 1403, "configuration": { "id": 173, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/173/?format=api", "name": "Pegasus XL", "family": "Pegasus", "full_name": "Pegasus XL", "variant": "" } }, "mission": null, "pad": { "id": 59, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/59/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Kwajalein Atoll", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwajalein_Atoll", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=8.716667,167.733333", "latitude": "8.716667", "longitude": "167.733333", "location": { "id": 20, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/20/?format=api", "name": "Air launch to orbit", "country_code": "???", "description": "", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_20_20200803142433.jpg", "timezone_name": "", "total_launch_count": 51, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "MHL", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_59_20200803143427.jpg", "total_launch_count": 4, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/pegasus_xl_moun_image_20240307124328.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4938, "location_launch_attempt_count": 40, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 55, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 4938, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "0b786894-966b-4fb7-b7ad-d053ac7e4406", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0b786894-966b-4fb7-b7ad-d053ac7e4406/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-zenit-8-84", "name": "Soyuz U | Zenit-8 84", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:51:29Z", "net": "1989-07-20T08:59:59Z", "window_end": "1989-07-20T08:59:59Z", "window_start": "1989-07-20T08:59:59Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6193, "configuration": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/37/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz U", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz U", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 4583, "name": "Zenit-8 84", "description": "Film-return reconnaissance satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 36, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/36/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "43/3 (43L)", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": null, "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.9273,40.45", "latitude": "62.9273", "longitude": "40.45", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_36_20200803143534.jpg", "total_launch_count": 230, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 230 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz2520u_image_20190222031023.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3432, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1276, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 165, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2286, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 58, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 29, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 45, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "0b739409-b1ec-4718-9ad4-a0adb0924385", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0b739409-b1ec-4718-9ad4-a0adb0924385/?format=api", "slug": "atlas-f-noaa-6", "name": "Atlas F | NOAA 6", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:18:04Z", "net": "1979-06-27T15:51:59Z", "window_end": "1979-06-27T15:51:59Z", "window_start": "1979-06-27T15:51:59Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 161, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/161/?format=api", "name": "United States Air Force", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5086, "configuration": { "id": 244, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/244/?format=api", "name": "Atlas F", "family": "Atlas", "full_name": "SM-65F Atlas", "variant": "F" } }, "mission": { "id": 3498, "name": "NOAA 6", "description": "Third generation LEO meteorological satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 17, "name": "Sun-Synchronous Orbit", "abbrev": "SSO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 93, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/93/?format=api", "agency_id": 161, "name": "Space Launch Complex 3W", "description": "SLC-3W was originally built for Atlas-Agena launches and the first flight off the pad was the launch of Samos 1 on October 11, 1960. The facility was extensively damaged 11 months later when Samos 3's booster exploded on the pad, but it was repaired quickly and hosted its next launch slightly under two months afterwards.\r\n\r\nIn 1962-63, the pad was converted for Thor-Agena use and was the primary launching site for Corona reconnaissance satellites for the next decade. After the Corona program ended in 1972, SLC-3W was converted back to support Atlases, this time flights of refurbished Atlas E/F missiles. The final such launch took place in 1995.\r\n\r\nSpaceX initially planned to use SLC-3W for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle but switched to SLC-4E with Falcon 9.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_3#SLC-3W", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=34.644,-120.593", "latitude": "34.644", "longitude": "-120.593", "location": { "id": 11, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/11/?format=api", "name": "Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Vandenberg Space Force Base is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_11_20200803142416.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 806, "total_landing_count": 26 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_93_20200803143225.jpg", "total_launch_count": 81, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 81 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 2231, "location_launch_attempt_count": 474, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 56, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 744, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 58, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "0b722410-e8ad-4dd7-803e-76c251c2b65a", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/0b722410-e8ad-4dd7-803e-76c251c2b65a/?format=api", "slug": "atlas-lv-3b-mercury-atlas-1", "name": "Atlas LV-3B | Mercury-Atlas 1", "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Launch Failure", "abbrev": "Failure", "description": "Either the launch vehicle did not reach orbit, or the payload(s) failed to separate." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T17:42:43Z", "net": "1960-07-29T13:13:00Z", "window_end": "1960-07-29T13:13:00Z", "window_start": "1960-07-29T13:13:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 7434, "configuration": { "id": 162, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/162/?format=api", "name": "Atlas LV-3B", "family": "Atlas", "full_name": "Atlas LV-3B", "variant": "LV-3B" } }, "mission": { "id": 5823, "name": "Mercury-Atlas 1", "description": "Mercury-Atlas 1 (MA-1) was the first attempt to launch a Mercury capsule and occurred on July 29, 1960 at Cape Canaveral, Florida. The spacecraft was unmanned and carried no launch escape system. 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