Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=700&ordering=id
https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=710&ordering=id", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=690&ordering=id", "results": [ { "id": "18c12658-4023-464a-b941-962e87bc2ecf", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/18c12658-4023-464a-b941-962e87bc2ecf/?format=api", "slug": "space-shuttle-challenger-ov-099-sts-7", "name": "Space Shuttle Challenger / OV-099 | STS-7", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-18T13:43:04Z", "net": "1983-06-18T11:33:00Z", "window_end": "1983-06-18T11:33:00Z", "window_start": "1983-06-18T11:33:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 1, "name": "Minute", "abbrev": "MIN", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the minute." }, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 102, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/102/?format=api", "name": "Rockwell International", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 290, "configuration": { "id": 493, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/493/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "family": "", "full_name": "Space Shuttle", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 501, "name": "STS-7", "description": "STS-7 was the second mission for the Space Shuttle Challenger. It deployed several satellites into orbit. It was the first mission scheduled to land at Kennedy Space Center however it had to divert to Edwards Air Force Base due to bad weather.\r\nSTS-7 carried Sally Ride, America's first female astronaut.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 87, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/87/?format=api", "agency_id": 121, "name": "Launch Complex 39A", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39#Launch_Pad_39A", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.60822681,-80.60428186", "latitude": "28.60822681", "longitude": "-80.60428186", "location": { "id": 27, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/27/?format=api", "name": "Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center, located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of NASA's ten field centers. Since 1968, KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of American spaceflight, research, and technology. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS).", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_27_20200803142447.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 265, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_87_20200803143537.jpg", "total_launch_count": 207, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 206 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space_shuttle_image_20230422074810.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [ { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/6/?format=api", "name": "Space Shuttle", "description": "The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.", "agencies": [ { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" } ], "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/space2520shutt_program_20200820202237.png", "start_date": "1981-04-12T12:00:03Z", "end_date": "2011-07-08T15:29:00Z", "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/index.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Human Spaceflight" } } ], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 2706, "location_launch_attempt_count": 24, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 19, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 6, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 60, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "18c92c9d-aed9-4b41-9594-5e16fd1daf81", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/18c92c9d-aed9-4b41-9594-5e16fd1daf81/?format=api", "slug": "long-march-2d-yaogan-36-group-03", "name": "Long March 2D | Yaogan 36 Group 03", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:56:37Z", "net": "2022-11-27T12:23:00Z", "window_end": "2022-11-27T12:35:00Z", "window_start": "2022-11-27T12:10:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 88, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/88/?format=api", "name": "China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 7704, "configuration": { "id": 17, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/17/?format=api", "name": "Long March 2D", "family": "Long March", "full_name": "Long March 2D", "variant": "2D" } }, "mission": { "id": 6222, "name": "Yaogan 36 Group 03", "description": "3 Chinese military reconnaissance satellites.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/66/?format=api", "agency_id": 17, "name": "Launch Complex 3 (LC-3/LA-1)", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xichang_Satellite_Launch_Center", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.247209,102.02917", "latitude": "28.247209", "longitude": "102.02917", "location": { "id": 16, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/16/?format=api", "name": "Xichang Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China", "country_code": "CHN", "description": "The Xichang Satellite Launch Center is a spaceport in China. It is located in Zeyuan Town, northwest of Xichang, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_16_20200803142513.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Shanghai", "total_launch_count": 225, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "CHN", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_66_20200803143611.jpg", "total_launch_count": 100, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 100 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/long2520march25202d_image_20190222031211.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6347, "location_launch_attempt_count": 180, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 77, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 398, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 165, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 13, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 9, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 46, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "18c98e18-b460-478c-884b-2778b68d2805", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/18c98e18-b460-478c-884b-2778b68d2805/?format=api", "slug": "atlas-v-401-sbirs-geo-flight-3-sbirs-geo-4", "name": "Atlas V 401 | SBIRS GEO Flight 3 (SBIRS GEO-4)", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T17:42:27Z", "net": "2017-01-21T00:42:00Z", "window_end": "2017-01-21T01:22:00Z", "window_start": "2017-01-21T00:42:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": 90, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 124, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/124/?format=api", "name": "United Launch Alliance", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 1982, "configuration": { "id": 16, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/16/?format=api", "name": "Atlas V 401", "family": "Atlas", "full_name": "Atlas V 401", "variant": "401" } }, "mission": { "id": 222, "name": "SBIRS GEO Flight 3 (SBIRS GEO-4)", "description": "This geostationary satellite is tasked with providing capabilities for early missile warning and missile defense.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 2, "name": "Geostationary Transfer Orbit", "abbrev": "GTO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 29, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/29/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Space Launch Complex 41", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Space_Launch_Complex_41", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.58341025,-80.58303644", "latitude": "28.58341025", "longitude": "-80.58303644", "location": { "id": 12, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/12/?format=api", "name": "Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_12_20200803142519.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 1024, "total_landing_count": 64 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_29_20200803143528.jpg", "total_launch_count": 115, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 115 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/atlas_v_image_20201212013334.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 5620, "location_launch_attempt_count": 755, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 85, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 117, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "18dc3dc8-9151-4566-99b0-56fdaeb45067", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/18dc3dc8-9151-4566-99b0-56fdaeb45067/?format=api", "slug": "new-shepard-ns-1", "name": "New Shepard | NS-1", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T09:48:11Z", "net": "2015-04-29T17:06:00Z", "window_end": "2015-04-29T17:06:00Z", "window_start": "2015-04-29T17:06:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 141, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/141/?format=api", "name": "Blue Origin", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 2169, "configuration": { "id": 137, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/137/?format=api", "name": "New Shepard", "family": "", "full_name": "New Shepard", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 939, "name": "NS-1", "description": "The first flight of the New Shepard 1 booster. The capsule reached an apogee of 93.5 kilometers.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Test Flight", "orbit": { "id": 15, "name": "Suborbital", "abbrev": "Sub" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 90, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/90/?format=api", "agency_id": 141, "name": "West Texas Suborbital Launch Site/ Corn Ranch", "description": null, "info_url": "http://www.blueorigin.com", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corn_Ranch", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=31.422878000000000,-104.757121000000000", "latitude": "31.422878", "longitude": "-104.757121", "location": { "id": 29, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/29/?format=api", "name": "Corn Ranch, Van Horn, TX, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Corn Ranch, commonly referred to as Launch Site One (LSO), is a spaceport owned and operated by Blue Origin which is located approximately 30 miles north of the town of Van Horn, Texas, United States.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_29_20200803142436.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Chicago", "total_launch_count": 31, "total_landing_count": 31 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_90_20200803143233.jpg", "total_launch_count": 31, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 0 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/new2520shepard_image_20190207032624.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": null, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 1, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 0, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "18e6e53f-bfd1-4c4a-889a-665d3ad3aab3", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/18e6e53f-bfd1-4c4a-889a-665d3ad3aab3/?format=api", "slug": "vostok-8a92m-irs-1b", "name": "Vostok 8A92M | IRS-1B", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:40:58Z", "net": "1991-08-29T06:48:43Z", "window_end": "1991-08-29T06:48:43Z", "window_start": "1991-08-29T06:48:43Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6391, "configuration": { "id": 452, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/452/?format=api", "name": "Vostok 8A92M", "family": "Vostok", "full_name": "Vostok 8A92M", "variant": "8A92M" } }, "mission": { "id": 4781, "name": "IRS-1B", "description": "Indian remote sensing satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 20, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/20/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "31/6", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_31", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.996034,63.564003", "latitude": "45.996034", "longitude": "63.564003", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda", "total_launch_count": 1555, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "KAZ", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_20_20200803143516.jpg", "total_launch_count": 422, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 422 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3660, "location_launch_attempt_count": 966, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 308, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2438, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 63, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 14, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 43, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "18e88e34-4d42-4ef1-a8f2-ccc2135a36f5", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/18e88e34-4d42-4ef1-a8f2-ccc2135a36f5/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-zenit-4mkt-23", "name": "Soyuz U | Zenit-4MKT 23", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:29:02Z", "net": "1983-04-28T08:30:00Z", "window_end": "1983-04-28T08:30:00Z", "window_start": "1983-04-28T08:30:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5512, "configuration": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/37/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz U", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz U", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 3916, "name": "Zenit-4MKT 23", "description": "Film-return reconnaissance satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 168, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/168/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "41/1", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.941,40.526806", "latitude": "62.941", "longitude": "40.526806", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1675, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_168_20200803143446.jpg", "total_launch_count": 310, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 310 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz2520u_image_20190222031023.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 2687, "location_launch_attempt_count": 927, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 236, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 1691, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 41, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 21, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 7, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 32, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "18fe4974-faae-4b07-ae6a-e1ce8b394ccb", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/18fe4974-faae-4b07-ae6a-e1ce8b394ccb/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-zenit-2m-76", "name": "Soyuz U | Zenit-2M 76", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:41:33Z", "net": "1977-04-20T09:00:00Z", "window_end": "1977-04-20T09:00:00Z", "window_start": "1977-04-20T09:00:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 4818, "configuration": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/37/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz U", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz U", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 3235, "name": "Zenit-2M 76", "description": "The soviet Zenit-2M (Gektor, 11F690) was an improved version of the Zenit-2 area surveillance reconnaissance satellite. 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