Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=620&ordering=-id
https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=630&ordering=-id", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=610&ordering=-id", "results": [ { "id": "ea4825db-6866-40dd-932d-bacdb1c705ab", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/ea4825db-6866-40dd-932d-bacdb1c705ab/?format=api", "slug": "long-march-2fg-chinese-reusable-space-vehicle-3", "name": "Long March 2F/G | Chinese Reusable Space Vehicle", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-12-15T01:46:02Z", "net": "2023-12-14T14:12:00Z", "window_end": "2023-12-14T17:10:00Z", "window_start": "2023-12-14T14:01:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 1, "name": "Minute", "abbrev": "MIN", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the minute." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 88, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/88/?format=api", "name": "China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 8144, "configuration": { "id": 84, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/84/?format=api", "name": "Long March 2", "family": "Long March", "full_name": "Long March 2F/G", "variant": "F/G" } }, "mission": { "id": 6703, "name": "Chinese Reusable Space Vehicle", "description": "Note: Launch time is approximated.\r\n\r\nProbable 3rd flight of the Chinese spaceplane capable of returning to Earth, which flew in orbit September 4 - 6, 2020 and August 4, 2022 - May 8, 2023.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/37/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Launch Area 4 (SLS-1 / 921)", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiuquan_Launch_Area_4", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=40.957893,100.290944", "latitude": "40.957893", "longitude": "100.290944", "location": { "id": 17, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/17/?format=api", "name": "Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China", "country_code": "CHN", "description": "Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is a Chinese spaceport located between the Ejin, Alxa, Inner Mongolia and Hangtian Town, Jinta County, Jiuquan, Gansu Province. It is part of the Dongfeng Aerospace City (Base 10).", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_17_20200803142429.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Shanghai", "total_launch_count": 251, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "CHN", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_37_20200803143603.jpg", "total_launch_count": 25, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 25 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/long_march_2_image_20210908195835.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6572, "location_launch_attempt_count": 214, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 22, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 448, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 204, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 32, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 43, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "ea43a600-bd8d-4a44-b278-3e8070c3a3cf", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/ea43a600-bd8d-4a44-b278-3e8070c3a3cf/?format=api", "slug": "tsiklon-3-koltso-1", "name": "Tsiklon-3 | Koltso 1", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:22:45Z", "net": "1988-12-23T07:20:00Z", "window_end": "1988-12-23T07:20:00Z", "window_start": "1988-12-23T07:20:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6137, "configuration": { "id": 445, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/445/?format=api", "name": "Tsiklon-3", "family": "Tsiklon", "full_name": "Tsiklon-3", "variant": "3" } }, "mission": { "id": 4527, "name": "Koltso 1", "description": "Radar calibration satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Test Target", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 126, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/126/?format=api", "agency_id": 63, "name": "32/1", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome_Site_32", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.9063889,40.7844727", "latitude": "62.9063889", "longitude": "40.7844727", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_126_20200803143238.jpg", "total_launch_count": 57, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 57 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3371, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1246, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 35, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2238, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 118, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 47, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 6, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 91, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "ea24a82f-39e9-4ea0-b010-20215b620658", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/ea24a82f-39e9-4ea0-b010-20215b620658/?format=api", "slug": "delta-0300-noaa-2", "name": "Delta 0300 | NOAA 2", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:52:48Z", "net": "1972-10-15T17:19:19Z", "window_end": "1972-10-15T17:19:19Z", "window_start": "1972-10-15T17:19:19Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 161, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/161/?format=api", "name": "United States Air Force", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 4304, "configuration": { "id": 275, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/275/?format=api", "name": "Delta 0300", "family": "Delta", "full_name": "Delta 0300", "variant": "0300" } }, "mission": { "id": 2722, "name": "NOAA 2", "description": "Meteorological satellite using radiometric imaging", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 17, "name": "Sun-Synchronous Orbit", "abbrev": "SSO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 39, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/39/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Space Launch Complex 2W", "description": "SLC-2W was originally used for Delta, Thor-Agena and Delta II launches. After the last Delta II flight in 2018, SLC-2W was repurposed to launch Firefly Alpha rockets.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_2", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=34.7556,-120.6224", "latitude": "34.7556", "longitude": "-120.6224", "location": { "id": 11, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/11/?format=api", "name": "Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Vandenberg Space Force Base is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_11_20200803142416.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 807, "total_landing_count": 26 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_39_20200803143542.jpg", "total_launch_count": 98, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 98 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 1395, "location_launch_attempt_count": 391, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 26, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 586, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 89, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 16, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 22, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "ea20c459-6e33-4c29-bab2-7d907fe12ecd", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/ea20c459-6e33-4c29-bab2-7d907fe12ecd/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-yantar-4k2-49", "name": "Soyuz U | Yantar-4K2 49", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:50:26Z", "net": "1989-11-30T15:00:01Z", "window_end": "1989-11-30T15:00:01Z", "window_start": "1989-11-30T15:00:01Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6226, "configuration": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/37/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz U", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz U", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 4616, "name": "Yantar-4K2 49", "description": "Film-return reconnaissance satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 35, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/35/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "16/2", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.960091,40.682983", "latitude": "62.960091", "longitude": "40.682983", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_35_20200803143306.jpg", "total_launch_count": 136, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 136 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz2520u_image_20190222031023.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3470, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1292, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 82, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2311, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 96, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 45, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 70, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "ea079dbc-91ad-463c-a729-ef7caf2d0709", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/ea079dbc-91ad-463c-a729-ef7caf2d0709/?format=api", "slug": "vostok-8a92m-meteor-priroda-2-2", "name": "Vostok 8A92M | Meteor-Priroda 2-2", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:41:22Z", "net": "1977-06-29T18:34:00Z", "window_end": "1977-06-29T18:34:00Z", "window_start": "1977-06-29T18:34:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 4847, "configuration": { "id": 452, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/452/?format=api", "name": "Vostok 8A92M", "family": "Vostok", "full_name": "Vostok 8A92M", "variant": "8A92M" } }, "mission": { "id": 3264, "name": "Meteor-Priroda 2-2", "description": "Meteor meteorological satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 17, "name": "Sun-Synchronous Orbit", "abbrev": "SSO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 20, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/20/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "31/6", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_31", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.996034,63.564003", "latitude": "45.996034", "longitude": "63.564003", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda", "total_launch_count": 1555, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "KAZ", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_20_20200803143516.jpg", "total_launch_count": 422, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 422 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 1973, "location_launch_attempt_count": 489, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 191, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 1124, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 58, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 12, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 44, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "e9f21324-f9c8-48dd-a80b-7b3dc49d2c59", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/e9f21324-f9c8-48dd-a80b-7b3dc49d2c59/?format=api", "slug": "molniya-m-molniya-1-20", "name": "Molniya-M | Molniya-1 20", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:11:09Z", "net": "1972-04-04T20:38:30Z", "window_end": "1972-04-04T20:38:30Z", "window_start": "1972-04-04T20:38:30Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 4245, "configuration": { "id": 106, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/106/?format=api", "name": "Molniya-M", "family": "R-7", "full_name": "Molniya-M 2BL", "variant": "2BL" } }, "mission": { "id": 2663, "name": "Molniya-1 20", "description": "The Molniya were Soviet communication satellites operating from an inclined highly elliptical earth orbit of 500 km × 40000 km with 12 hour period for coverage of high northern latitudes.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 0, "name": "Elliptical Orbit", "abbrev": "Elliptical" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 85, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/85/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "43/4 (43R)", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": null, "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.92883,40.457098", "latitude": "62.92883", "longitude": "40.457098", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_85_20200803143554.jpg", "total_launch_count": 323, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 323 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 1333, "location_launch_attempt_count": 230, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 27, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 650, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 27, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 11, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 18, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "e9dfbba8-9e90-4cff-b50e-be52bfaee3d3", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/e9dfbba8-9e90-4cff-b50e-be52bfaee3d3/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-progress-m-38", "name": "Soyuz U | Progress M-38", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:48:36Z", "net": "1998-03-14T22:45:55Z", "window_end": "1998-03-14T22:45:55Z", "window_start": "1998-03-14T22:45:55Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": 0, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": "", "launch_service_provider": { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 2311, "configuration": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/37/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz U", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz U", "variant": "" } }, "mission": null, "pad": { "id": 32, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/32/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "1/5", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.92,63.342", "latitude": "45.92", "longitude": "63.342", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. 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