Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=4280&ordering=-net
{ "count": 7505, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=4290&ordering=-net", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=4270&ordering=-net", "results": [ { "id": "59f79bac-4999-468d-9e0c-bb85f8e28dce", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/59f79bac-4999-468d-9e0c-bb85f8e28dce/?format=api", "slug": "tsiklon-3-geo-ik-9", "name": "Tsiklon-3 | Geo-IK 9", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:23:06Z", "net": "1987-02-20T04:43:00Z", "window_end": "1987-02-20T04:43:00Z", "window_start": "1987-02-20T04:43:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5943, "configuration": { "id": 445, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/445/?format=api", "name": "Tsiklon-3", "family": "Tsiklon", "full_name": "Tsiklon-3", "variant": "3" } }, "mission": { "id": 4338, "name": "Geo-IK 9", "description": "A satellite for the GEO-IK geodetic system", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 127, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/127/?format=api", "agency_id": 63, "name": "32/2", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome_Site_32", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.9063889,40.7844727", "latitude": "62.9063889", "longitude": "40.7844727", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_127_20200803143245.jpg", "total_launch_count": 65, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 65 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3159, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1161, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 29, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2067, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 20, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 10, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 17, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "d390e98b-cbec-4c99-baa1-ce7971c7e94a", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/d390e98b-cbec-4c99-baa1-ce7971c7e94a/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-zenit-8-44", "name": "Soyuz U | Zenit-8 44", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:50:23Z", "net": "1987-02-19T10:15:00Z", "window_end": "1987-02-19T10:15:00Z", "window_start": "1987-02-19T10:15:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5942, "configuration": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/37/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz U", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz U", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 4337, "name": "Zenit-8 44", "description": "Film-return reconnaissance satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 35, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/35/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "16/2", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.960091,40.682983", "latitude": "62.960091", "longitude": "40.682983", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_35_20200803143306.jpg", "total_launch_count": 136, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 136 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/soyuz2520u_image_20190222031023.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3158, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1160, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 58, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2066, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 19, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 9, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 16, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "ff1e3cf8-da08-41ad-a960-edf1199b8fbf", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/ff1e3cf8-da08-41ad-a960-edf1199b8fbf/?format=api", "slug": "n-2-momo-1a", "name": "N-2 | Momo 1a", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-07-07T13:08:50Z", "net": "1987-02-19T01:23:00Z", "window_end": "1987-02-19T01:23:00Z", "window_start": "1987-02-19T01:23:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 228, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/228/?format=api", "name": "National Space Development Agency of Japan", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5941, "configuration": { "id": 341, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/341/?format=api", "name": "N-2", "family": "", "full_name": "N-2", "variant": "2" } }, "mission": { "id": 4336, "name": "Momo 1a", "description": "Japanese Earth observation satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 10, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/10/?format=api", "agency_id": 37, "name": "Osaki Launch Complex", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanegashima_Space_Center", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=30.3993934,130.9702486", "latitude": "30.3993934", "longitude": "130.9702486", "location": { "id": 26, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/26/?format=api", "name": "Tanegashima Space Center, Japan", "country_code": "JPN", "description": "The Tanegashima Space Center is the largest rocket-launch complex in Japan. It is located on the southeastern tip of Tanegashima, an island located south of Kyushu, an island and region and Japan. It was established in 1969 when the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) was formed, and is now run by JAXA. The activities that take place at TNSC include assembly, testing, launching, and tracking satellites, as well as rocket engine firing tests.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_26_20200803142507.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Tokyo", "total_launch_count": 94, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "JPN", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_10_20200803143519.jpg", "total_launch_count": 24, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 24 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3157, "location_launch_attempt_count": 16, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 16, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 15, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 18, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "56c6d915-e236-4148-812b-8f36699e4c65", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/56c6d915-e236-4148-812b-8f36699e4c65/?format=api", "slug": "kosmos-3m-parus-58", "name": "Kosmos-3M | Parus 58", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:27:28Z", "net": "1987-02-18T13:53:20Z", "window_end": "1987-02-18T13:53:20Z", "window_start": "1987-02-18T13:53:20Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5940, "configuration": { "id": 102, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/102/?format=api", "name": "Kosmos-3M", "family": "Kosmos", "full_name": "Kosmos-3M (11K65M)", "variant": "-3M" } }, "mission": { "id": 4335, "name": "Parus 58", "description": "Navigation satellite providing location information for the Tsiklon-B navigation system", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Navigation", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 167, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/167/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "132/2", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.883,40.869806", "latitude": "62.883", "longitude": "40.869806", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_167_20200803143417.jpg", "total_launch_count": 172, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 172 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3156, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1159, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 161, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2065, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 17, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 15, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "eec234a2-cb35-4df6-8da1-2f4b9cabcc60", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/eec234a2-cb35-4df6-8da1-2f4b9cabcc60/?format=api", "slug": "zenit-2-gvm-tselina-2-5", "name": "Zenit-2 | GVM Tselina-2", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:30:59Z", "net": "1987-02-14T08:30:00Z", "window_end": "1987-02-14T08:30:00Z", "window_start": "1987-02-14T08:30:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5939, "configuration": { "id": 455, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/455/?format=api", "name": "Zenit-2", "family": "Zenith", "full_name": "Zenit-2", "variant": "2" } }, "mission": { "id": 4136, "name": "GVM Tselina-2", "description": "Dynamic simulator of the Tselina-2 ELINT satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Test Flight", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 2, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/2/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "45/1", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.943492,63.653014", "latitude": "45.943492", "longitude": "63.653014", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda", "total_launch_count": 1555, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "KAZ", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_2_20200803143256.jpg", "total_launch_count": 46, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 46 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3155, "location_launch_attempt_count": 806, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 7, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2064, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 16, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 6, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 14, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "117e53fd-002b-4a0d-a7e8-425032a510fa", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/117e53fd-002b-4a0d-a7e8-425032a510fa/?format=api", "slug": "titan-34b-quasar-7", "name": "Titan 34B | Quasar 7", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:26:20Z", "net": "1987-02-12T06:40:00Z", "window_end": "1987-02-12T06:40:00Z", "window_start": "1987-02-12T06:40:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 161, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/161/?format=api", "name": "United States Air Force", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5938, "configuration": { "id": 423, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/423/?format=api", "name": "Titan 34B", "family": "Titan", "full_name": "Titan 34B", "variant": "34B" } }, "mission": { "id": 4334, "name": "Quasar 7", "description": "Communication relay satellite for US reconnaissance satellites", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 0, "name": "Elliptical Orbit", "abbrev": "Elliptical" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 156, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/156/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Space Launch Complex 4W", "description": "SLC-4W started operations in 1963 as Space Launch Complex 4W, and continued as an operational launch site through 2003. In 2015, SpaceX started conversion of the launch site into Landing Zone LZ-4. Landing operations commenced in 2018 at LZ-4.", "info_url": "http://www.astronautix.com/v/vandenbergslc4w.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base_Space_Launch_Complex_4#SLC-4W", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=34.63312,-120.61584", "latitude": "34.63312", "longitude": "-120.61584", "location": { "id": 11, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/11/?format=api", "name": "Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Vandenberg Space Force Base is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_11_20200803142416.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 807, "total_landing_count": 26 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_156_20200803143351.jpg", "total_launch_count": 93, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 93 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3154, "location_launch_attempt_count": 528, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 80, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 847, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 15, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "6034703f-d0f1-41a6-9ba8-3f172d6c3a3d", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/6034703f-d0f1-41a6-9ba8-3f172d6c3a3d/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-zenit-8-43", "name": "Soyuz U | Zenit-8 43", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:10:53Z", "net": "1987-02-07T10:30:00Z", "window_end": "1987-02-07T10:30:00Z", "window_start": "1987-02-07T10:30:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5937, "configuration": { "id": 37, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/37/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz U", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz U", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 4333, "name": "Zenit-8 43", "description": "Film-return reconnaissance satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 85, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/85/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "43/4 (43R)", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": null, "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.92883,40.457098", "latitude": "62.92883", "longitude": "40.457098", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. 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