Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=3410&ordering=-id
{ "count": 7498, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=3420&ordering=-id", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=3400&ordering=-id", "results": [ { "id": "8b7c4842-5510-4750-97c6-849752599582", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/8b7c4842-5510-4750-97c6-849752599582/?format=api", "slug": "titan-iiid-kh-9-11", "name": "Titan IIID | KH-9 11", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:37:51Z", "net": "1975-12-04T20:30:00Z", "window_end": "1975-12-04T20:30:00Z", "window_start": "1975-12-04T20:30:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 161, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/161/?format=api", "name": "United States Air Force", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 4650, "configuration": { "id": 440, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/440/?format=api", "name": "Titan IIID", "family": "Titan", "full_name": "Titan IIID", "variant": "IIID" } }, "mission": { "id": 3068, "name": "KH-9 11", "description": "Large reconnaissance satellite equipped with four return capsules.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 16, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/16/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Space Launch Complex 4E", "description": "Space Launch Complex 4 East (SLC-4E) is a launch site at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, U.S.\r\n\r\nThe pad was previously used by Atlas and Titan rockets between 1963 and 2005. The pad was built for use by Atlas-Agena rockets, but was later rebuilt to handle Titan rockets.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_4#SLC-4E", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=34.632,-120.611", "latitude": "34.632", "longitude": "-120.611", "location": { "id": 11, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/11/?format=api", "name": "Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Vandenberg Space Force Base is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_11_20200803142416.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 806, "total_landing_count": 26 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_16_20200803143532.jpg", "total_launch_count": 192, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 192 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 1770, "location_launch_attempt_count": 434, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 38, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 653, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 119, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 13, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 24, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "8b72fa1c-ecc0-42ba-a054-a0f7510112c9", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/8b72fa1c-ecc0-42ba-a054-a0f7510112c9/?format=api", "slug": "molniya-m-us-k-49", "name": "Molniya-M | US-K 49", "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Launch Failure", "abbrev": "Failure", "description": "Either the launch vehicle did not reach orbit, or the payload(s) failed to separate." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:29:05Z", "net": "1986-10-03T13:05:41Z", "window_end": "1986-10-03T13:05:41Z", "window_start": "1986-10-03T13:05:41Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5895, "configuration": { "id": 106, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/106/?format=api", "name": "Molniya-M", "family": "R-7", "full_name": "Molniya-M 2BL", "variant": "2BL" } }, "mission": { "id": 4291, "name": "US-K 49", "description": "Early warning satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 0, "name": "Elliptical Orbit", "abbrev": "Elliptical" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 168, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/168/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "41/1", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.941,40.526806", "latitude": "62.941", "longitude": "40.526806", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_168_20200803143446.jpg", "total_launch_count": 310, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 310 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3109, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1133, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 282, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 2023, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 80, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 39, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 6, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 67, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "8b703f3e-2758-466b-a899-7c1b463c2f31", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/8b703f3e-2758-466b-a899-7c1b463c2f31/?format=api", "slug": "falcon-9-block-5-starlink-group-7-17", "name": "Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink Group 7-17", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2024-03-11T05:26:35Z", "net": "2024-03-11T04:09:00Z", "window_end": "2024-03-11T06:13:00Z", "window_start": "2024-03-11T02:13:00Z", "net_precision": { "id": 0, "name": "Second", "abbrev": "SEC", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the second." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 8163, "configuration": { "id": 164, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/164/?format=api", "name": "Falcon 9", "family": "Falcon", "full_name": "Falcon 9 Block 5", "variant": "Block 5" } }, "mission": { "id": 6724, "name": "Starlink Group 7-17", "description": "A batch of 23 satellites for the Starlink mega-constellation - SpaceX's project for space-based Internet communication system.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [ { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "featured": true, "type": "Commercial", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "SpX", "description": "Space Exploration Technologies Corp., known as SpaceX, is an American aerospace manufacturer and space transport services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California. It was founded in 2002 by entrepreneur Elon Musk with the goal of reducing space transportation costs and enabling the colonization of Mars. SpaceX operates from many pads, on the East Coast of the US they operate from SLC-40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and historic LC-39A at Kennedy Space Center. They also operate from SLC-4E at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, usually for polar launches. Another launch site is being developed at Boca Chica, Texas.", "administrator": "CEO: Elon Musk", "founding_year": "2002", "launchers": "Falcon | Starship", "spacecraft": "Dragon", "launch_library_url": null, "total_launch_count": 509, "consecutive_successful_launches": 32, "successful_launches": 495, "failed_launches": 14, "pending_launches": 117, "consecutive_successful_landings": 78, "successful_landings": 456, "failed_landings": 26, "attempted_landings": 481, "info_url": "http://www.spacex.com/", "wiki_url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceX", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/spacex_logo_20220826094919.png", "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/spacex_image_20190207032501.jpeg", "nation_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/spacex_nation_20230531064544.jpg" } ], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 16, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/16/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Space Launch Complex 4E", "description": "Space Launch Complex 4 East (SLC-4E) is a launch site at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, U.S.\r\n\r\nThe pad was previously used by Atlas and Titan rockets between 1963 and 2005. The pad was built for use by Atlas-Agena rockets, but was later rebuilt to handle Titan rockets.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_4#SLC-4E", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=34.632,-120.611", "latitude": "34.632", "longitude": "-120.611", "location": { "id": 11, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/11/?format=api", "name": "Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Vandenberg Space Force Base is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_11_20200803142416.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 806, "total_landing_count": 26 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_16_20200803143532.jpg", "total_launch_count": 192, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 192 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/falcon2520925_image_20221009234147.png", "infographic": null, "program": [ { "id": 25, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/25/?format=api", "name": "Starlink", "description": "Starlink is a satellite internet constellation operated by American aerospace company SpaceX", "agencies": [ { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "type": "Commercial" } ], "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/starlink_program_20231228154508.jpeg", "start_date": "2018-02-22T14:17:00Z", "end_date": null, "info_url": "https://starlink.com", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlink", "mission_patches": [ { "id": 7, "name": "Space X Starlink Mission Patch", "priority": 10, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/mission_patch_images/space2520x252_mission_patch_20221011205756.png", "agency": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api", "name": "SpaceX", "type": "Commercial" } } ], "type": { "id": 3, "name": "Communication Constellation" } } ], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6635, "location_launch_attempt_count": 748, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 137, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 335, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 46, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 9, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 9, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 24, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "8b6d07a3-a080-4120-9f72-61a756c96717", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/8b6d07a3-a080-4120-9f72-61a756c96717/?format=api", "slug": "minotaur-v-ladee", "name": "Minotaur V | LADEE", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:54:50Z", "net": "2013-09-07T03:27:00Z", "window_end": "2013-09-07T03:27:00Z", "window_start": "2013-09-07T03:27:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 100, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/100/?format=api", "name": "Orbital Sciences Corporation", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 1699, "configuration": { "id": 13, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/13/?format=api", "name": "Minotaur V", "family": "Minotaur", "full_name": "Minotaur V", "variant": "" } }, "mission": { "id": 39, "name": "LADEE", "description": "NASA's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE, pronounced like \"laddie\") was a robotic mission that orbited the moon to gather detailed information about the lunar atmosphere, conditions near the surface and environmental influences on lunar dust.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Robotic Exploration", "orbit": { "id": 11, "name": "Lunar Orbit", "abbrev": "LO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 56, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/56/?format=api", "agency_id": 44, "name": "Launch Area 0 B", "description": "LP-0B became operational in 1999,and was subsequently upgraded in 2003 with the construction of a mobile service tower, which was completed in 2004. It is active, and is currently used by Northrop Grumman Minotaur rockets. The first launch from LP-0B was of a Minotaur I in December 2006, and was the first launch from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_Regional_Spaceport_Launch_Pad_0#Pad-0B", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=37.831,-75.4911", "latitude": "37.831", "longitude": "-75.4911", "location": { "id": 21, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/21/?format=api", "name": "Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Wallops Flight Facility is a rocket launch site on Wallops Island on the Eastern Shore of Virginia, United States, just east of the Delmarva Peninsula and north-northeast of Norfolk. The facility is operated by the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and primarily serves to support science and exploration missions for NASA and other federal agencies. WFF includes an extensively instrumented range to support launches of more than a dozen types of sounding rockets; small expendable suborbital and orbital rockets; high-altitude balloon flights carrying scientific instruments for atmospheric and astronomical research; and, using its Research Airport, flight tests of aeronautical research aircraft, including uncrewed aerial vehicles.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_21_20200803142423.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 80, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_56_20200803143541.jpg", "total_launch_count": 8, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 8 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/orbital2520atk_image_20190207032453.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 5317, "location_launch_attempt_count": 54, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 5, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 67, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 49, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "8b6a578f-4b84-4c51-8395-04bec8a4937f", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/8b6a578f-4b84-4c51-8395-04bec8a4937f/?format=api", "slug": "voskhod-zenit-2-57", "name": "Voskhod | Zenit-2 57", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:29:25Z", "net": "1967-12-16T12:00:37Z", "window_end": "1967-12-16T12:00:37Z", "window_start": "1967-12-16T12:00:37Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 3739, "configuration": { "id": 104, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/104/?format=api", "name": "Voskhod", "family": "R-7", "full_name": "Voskhod", "variant": "Voskhod" } }, "mission": { "id": 2157, "name": "Zenit-2 57", "description": "Zenit-2 film-return and ELINT reconnaissance satellite.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 168, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/168/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "41/1", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.941,40.526806", "latitude": "62.941", "longitude": "40.526806", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_168_20200803143446.jpg", "total_launch_count": 310, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 310 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 785, "location_launch_attempt_count": 37, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 26, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 286, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 137, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 30, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 19, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 71, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "8b679931-1fe4-46a5-9a7b-393280f5817d", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/8b679931-1fe4-46a5-9a7b-393280f5817d/?format=api", "slug": "voskhod-zenit-2m-27", "name": "Voskhod | Zenit-2M 27", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:51:33Z", "net": "1972-04-06T08:00:00Z", "window_end": "1972-04-06T08:00:00Z", "window_start": "1972-04-06T08:00:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 66, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api", "name": "Soviet Space Program", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 4246, "configuration": { "id": 104, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/104/?format=api", "name": "Voskhod", "family": "R-7", "full_name": "Voskhod", "variant": "Voskhod" } }, "mission": { "id": 2664, "name": "Zenit-2M 27", "description": "The soviet Zenit-2M (Gektor, 11F690) was an improved version of the Zenit-2 area surveillance reconnaissance satellite. 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