Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=3130&ordering=-net
{ "count": 7537, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=3140&ordering=-net", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=3120&ordering=-net", "results": [ { "id": "3efe5bdd-f7c6-4e72-a6c6-f7a95b288163", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/3efe5bdd-f7c6-4e72-a6c6-f7a95b288163/?format=api", "slug": "atlas-iias-echostar-v", "name": "Atlas IIAS | Echostar V", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T17:40:02Z", "net": "1999-09-23T06:02:02Z", "window_end": "1999-09-23T06:02:02Z", "window_start": "1999-09-23T06:02:02Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 82, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/82/?format=api", "name": "Lockheed Martin", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 6941, "configuration": { "id": 255, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/255/?format=api", "name": "Atlas IIAS", "family": "Atlas", "full_name": "Atlas IIAS", "variant": "IIAS" } }, "mission": { "id": 5331, "name": "Echostar V", "description": "EchoStar V and VI are series of two high-powered direct broadcast satellites (DBS) being built by Space Systems/Loral (SS/L) for EchoStar Communications Corporation.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 1, "name": "Geostationary Orbit", "abbrev": "Direct-GEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 121, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/121/?format=api", "agency_id": 161, "name": "Launch Complex 36A", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Launch_Complex_36", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.4705556,-80.542194", "latitude": "28.4705556", "longitude": "-80.542194", "location": { "id": 12, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/12/?format=api", "name": "Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_12_20200803142519.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 1036, "total_landing_count": 65 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_121_20200803143231.jpg", "total_launch_count": 69, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 69 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4341, "location_launch_attempt_count": 570, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 56, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 43, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 52, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 14, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "d737f18a-f778-44f7-8dc1-ec0943b743e1", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/d737f18a-f778-44f7-8dc1-ec0943b743e1/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-pvb-globalstar-33505558", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB | Globalstar 33,50,55,58", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:48:34Z", "net": "1999-09-22T14:33:00Z", "window_end": "1999-09-22T14:33:00Z", "window_start": "1999-09-22T14:33:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6940, "configuration": { "id": 378, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/378/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "variant": "U-PVB" } }, "mission": { "id": 5330, "name": "Globalstar 33,50,55,58", "description": "The Globalstar global mobile communications network offers global, digital real time voice, data and fax via a constellation of 48 minisatellites. The constellation operates in a 1410 km orbit inclined at 52 degrees, and will also have 8 spares. The satellites were built by Space Systems Loral and Alenia Aerospazio in Rome, Italy.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 32, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/32/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "1/5", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.92,63.342", "latitude": "45.92", "longitude": "63.342", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda", "total_launch_count": 1556, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "KAZ", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_32_20200803143513.jpg", "total_launch_count": 487, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 487 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4340, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1135, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 358, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 92, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 51, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 16, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 7, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "882919f1-ad84-4266-b1b2-00b2ff1ecdd7", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/882919f1-ad84-4266-b1b2-00b2ff1ecdd7/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-pvb-foton-12", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB | Foton 12", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:10:57Z", "net": "1999-09-09T18:00:00Z", "window_end": "1999-09-09T18:00:00Z", "window_start": "1999-09-09T18:00:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 270, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/270/?format=api", "name": "Strategic Rocket Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6939, "configuration": { "id": 378, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/378/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "variant": "U-PVB" } }, "mission": { "id": 5329, "name": "Foton 12", "description": "Microgravity research satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Materials Science", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 85, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/85/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "43/4 (43R)", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": null, "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.92883,40.457098", "latitude": "62.92883", "longitude": "40.457098", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1676, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_85_20200803143554.jpg", "total_launch_count": 324, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 324 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4339, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1504, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 256, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 11, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 50, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "181a5497-e6e9-48cb-a294-3dd70de64509", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/181a5497-e6e9-48cb-a294-3dd70de64509/?format=api", "slug": "proton-kdm-2m-yamal-101-102", "name": "Proton-K/DM-2M | Yamal-101 & 102", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:46:12Z", "net": "1999-09-06T16:36:00Z", "window_end": "1999-09-06T16:36:00Z", "window_start": "1999-09-06T16:36:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 96, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/96/?format=api", "name": "Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6938, "configuration": { "id": 350, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/350/?format=api", "name": "Proton-K/DM-2M", "family": "Proton / UR-500", "full_name": "Proton-K/DM-2M", "variant": "DM-2M" } }, "mission": { "id": 5328, "name": "Yamal-101 & 102", "description": "Yamal-100 is the new generation Russian communications satellite. There were applied key state-of-art technologies in this satellite, including unpressurized modules, sandwich honeycomb constructions, contour antennas.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 1, "name": "Geostationary Orbit", "abbrev": "Direct-GEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 31, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/31/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "81/23 (81L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=46.073997,62.977999", "latitude": "46.073997", "longitude": "62.977999", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda", "total_launch_count": 1556, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "KAZ", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_31_20200803143402.jpg", "total_launch_count": 104, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 104 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/proton_image_20231231095535.jpg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4338, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1134, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 88, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 65, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 49, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 15, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 6, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 7, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "db61d44c-154c-4020-95a0-a6163ed73a11", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/db61d44c-154c-4020-95a0-a6163ed73a11/?format=api", "slug": "ariane-42p-mugunghwa-3", "name": "Ariane 42P | Mugunghwa 3", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T04:22:21Z", "net": "1999-09-04T22:34:00Z", "window_end": "1999-09-04T22:34:00Z", "window_start": "1999-09-04T22:34:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 115, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/115/?format=api", "name": "Arianespace", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 6937, "configuration": { "id": 224, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/224/?format=api", "name": "Ariane 42P", "family": "Ariane", "full_name": "Ariane 42P", "variant": "42P" } }, "mission": { "id": 5327, "name": "Mugunghwa 3", "description": "The Koreasat 3 satellite is configured to provide both fixed and direct broadcast services. Korea Telecom's new A2100A has 24 Ku-Band (Fixed Satellite Service), six Ku-Band (Direct Broadcast Service), and three Ka-Band transponders. It also features a steerable antenna providing an improved coverage capability.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 1, "name": "Geostationary Orbit", "abbrev": "Direct-GEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 124, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/124/?format=api", "agency_id": 115, "name": "Ariane Launch Area 2", "description": "The ELA-2 pad, built in 1986, had been used for Ariane 4 launches from 1988 until 2003. Before 1988, although purpose-built for Ariane 4, the pad hosted an Ariane-2 and two Ariane-3 launches.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELA-2", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=5.232,-52.778194", "latitude": "5.232", "longitude": "-52.778194", "location": { "id": 13, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/13/?format=api", "name": "Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana", "country_code": "GUF", "description": "The Guiana Space Centre is a European spaceport to the northwest of Kourou in French Guiana, a region of France in South America. Kourou is located at a latitude of 5°. In operation since 1968, it is a suitable location for a spaceport because of its equatorial location and open sea to the east.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_13_20200803142412.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Cayenne", "total_launch_count": 325, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "GUF", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_124_20200803143241.jpg", "total_launch_count": 119, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 119 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/ariane42p_at_el_image_20240310184548.png", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4337, "location_launch_attempt_count": 128, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 91, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 116, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 48, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "3e100b06-c756-4b44-9518-67ab22e614a5", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/3e100b06-c756-4b44-9518-67ab22e614a5/?format=api", "slug": "kosmos-3m-parus-91", "name": "Kosmos-3M | Parus 91", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:43:46Z", "net": "1999-08-26T12:02:15Z", "window_end": "1999-08-26T12:02:15Z", "window_start": "1999-08-26T12:02:15Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 154, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/154/?format=api", "name": "Production Corporation Polyot", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 6936, "configuration": { "id": 102, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/102/?format=api", "name": "Kosmos-3M", "family": "Kosmos", "full_name": "Kosmos-3M (11K65M)", "variant": "-3M" } }, "mission": { "id": 5326, "name": "Parus 91", "description": "Navigation satellite providing location information for the Tsiklon-B navigation system", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Navigation", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 28, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/28/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "132/1 (132L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.883229,40.868549", "latitude": "62.883229", "longitude": "40.868549", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1676, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_28_20200803143254.jpg", "total_launch_count": 212, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 212 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4336, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1503, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 188, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 33, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 47, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "3d583be2-dfba-493c-b3ea-60ca4a122b64", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/3d583be2-dfba-493c-b3ea-60ca4a122b64/?format=api", "slug": "soyuz-u-pvb-yantar-4k2-79", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB | Yantar-4K2 79", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:51:31Z", "net": "1999-08-18T18:00:01Z", "window_end": "1999-08-18T18:00:01Z", "window_start": "1999-08-18T18:00:01Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 270, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/270/?format=api", "name": "Strategic Rocket Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6935, "configuration": { "id": 378, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/378/?format=api", "name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "family": "Soyuz", "full_name": "Soyuz-U-PVB", "variant": "U-PVB" } }, "mission": { "id": 5325, "name": "Yantar-4K2 79", "description": "Film-return reconnaissance satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 36, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/36/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "43/3 (43L)", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": null, "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.9273,40.45", "latitude": "62.9273", "longitude": "40.45", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. 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The constellation operates in a 1410 km orbit inclined at 52 degrees, and will also have 8 spares. 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