Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=3100&ordering=-name
https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=3110&ordering=-name", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=3090&ordering=-name", "results": [ { "id": "7690b919-288d-43aa-8e2f-f60b882b3f5a", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/7690b919-288d-43aa-8e2f-f60b882b3f5a/?format=api", "slug": "rokotbriz-km-gonets-m24-gonets-m25-gonets-m26-blit", "name": "Rokot/Briz-KM | Gonets-M24, Gonets-M25, Gonets-M26 & Blits-M", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:31:44Z", "net": "2019-12-26T23:11:57Z", "window_end": "2019-12-26T23:11:57Z", "window_start": "2019-12-26T23:11:57Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 193, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/193/?format=api", "name": "Russian Space Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 4, "configuration": { "id": 40, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/40/?format=api", "name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "family": "Rokot", "full_name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "variant": "Briz-KM" } }, "mission": { "id": 866, "name": "Gonets-M24, Gonets-M25, Gonets-M26 & Blits-M", "description": "Gonets-M are an upgraded version of Gonets satellites, derived from military communications system Strela-3. Gonets-M constellation is tasked with monitoring ecological and industrial objects, providing communication and data transmission services, covering also the remote areas like the Far North region. Gonets-M satellites share the ride with the Blits-M microsatellite, which is a geodesic satellite tasked with determining precise orbit parameters for GLONASS satellites.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 3, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/3/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "133/3 (133L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.886999,40.846984", "latitude": "62.886999", "longitude": "40.846984", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_3_20200803143438.jpg", "total_launch_count": 159, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 159 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rokot25202f2520briz-km_image_20190224012237.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 5921, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1634, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 159, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 109, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 101, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "f25d6bf3-4b3b-4045-8829-fb7c752bf0b0", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/f25d6bf3-4b3b-4045-8829-fb7c752bf0b0/?format=api", "slug": "rokot-briz-km-gonets-m-21-gonets-m-22-gonets-m-23", "name": "Rokot / Briz-KM | Gonets M-21, Gonets M-22, Gonets M-23, Kosmos 2504", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:31:49Z", "net": "2015-03-31T13:47:56Z", "window_end": "2015-03-31T13:47:56Z", "window_start": "2015-03-31T13:47:56Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 163, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/163/?format=api", "name": "Russian Aerospace Defence Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 1840, "configuration": { "id": 40, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/40/?format=api", "name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "family": "Rokot", "full_name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "variant": "Briz-KM" } }, "mission": { "id": 252, "name": "Gonets M-21, Gonets M-22, Gonets M-23, Kosmos 2504", "description": "Gonets-M are an upgraded version of Gonets satellites, derived from military communications system Strela-3. Gonets-M constellation is tasked with monitoring ecological and industrial objects, providing communication and data transmission services, covering also the remote areas like the Far North region.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 3, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/3/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "133/3 (133L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.886999,40.846984", "latitude": "62.886999", "longitude": "40.846984", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_3_20200803143438.jpg", "total_launch_count": 159, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 159 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rokot25202f2520briz-km_image_20190224012237.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 5463, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1605, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 151, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 20, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 21, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "9959fa5d-515a-4430-bd94-1ae7684c184a", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/9959fa5d-515a-4430-bd94-1ae7684c184a/?format=api", "slug": "rokot-briz-km-gonets-m18-gonets-m19-gonets-m20", "name": "Rokot / Briz-KM | Gonets-M18, Gonets-M19, Gonets-M20", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:31:46Z", "net": "2014-07-03T12:43:52Z", "window_end": "2014-07-03T12:43:52Z", "window_start": "2014-07-03T12:43:52Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 163, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/163/?format=api", "name": "Russian Aerospace Defence Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 1766, "configuration": { "id": 40, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/40/?format=api", "name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "family": "Rokot", "full_name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "variant": "Briz-KM" } }, "mission": { "id": 233, "name": "Gonets-M18, Gonets-M19, Gonets-M20", "description": "Gonets-M are an upgraded version of Gonets satellites, derived from military communications system Strela-3. Gonets-M constellation is tasked with monitoring ecological and industrial objects, providing communication and data transmission services, covering also the remote areas like the Far North region.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 3, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/3/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "133/3 (133L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.886999,40.846984", "latitude": "62.886999", "longitude": "40.846984", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_3_20200803143438.jpg", "total_launch_count": 159, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 159 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rokot25202f2520briz-km_image_20190224012237.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 5386, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1598, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 150, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 15, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 37, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 5, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "f3057c20-40b0-437b-9ee4-759a13baa22e", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/f3057c20-40b0-437b-9ee4-759a13baa22e/?format=api", "slug": "rokot-briz-km-gonets-m-14-gonets-m-16-gonets-m-17", "name": "Rokot / Briz-KM | Gonets M-14, Gonets M-16, Gonets M-17", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:31:48Z", "net": "2013-09-11T23:23:04Z", "window_end": "2013-09-11T23:23:04Z", "window_start": "2013-09-11T23:23:04Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 163, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/163/?format=api", "name": "Russian Aerospace Defence Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 1700, "configuration": { "id": 40, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/40/?format=api", "name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "family": "Rokot", "full_name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "variant": "Briz-KM" } }, "mission": { "id": 241, "name": "Gonets M-14, Gonets M-16, Gonets M-17", "description": "Gonets-M are an upgraded version of Gonets satellites, derived from military communications system Strela-3. Gonets-M constellation is tasked with monitoring ecological and industrial objects, providing communication and data transmission services, covering also the remote areas like the Far North region.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 3, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/3/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "133/3 (133L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.886999,40.846984", "latitude": "62.886999", "longitude": "40.846984", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_3_20200803143438.jpg", "total_launch_count": 159, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 159 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rokot25202f2520briz-km_image_20190224012237.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 5318, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1590, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 146, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 8, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 50, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 4, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "d121f32d-2893-4cee-8cbe-865e01555319", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/d121f32d-2893-4cee-8cbe-865e01555319/?format=api", "slug": "rokot-briz-km-gonets-m-13-gonets-m-15-strela-3m-ko", "name": "Rokot / Briz-KM | Gonets M-13, Gonets M-15, Strela-3M (Kosmos-2481) & Yubileyniy 2 (MiR)", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:31:48Z", "net": "2012-07-28T01:35:34Z", "window_end": "2012-07-28T01:35:34Z", "window_start": "2012-07-28T01:35:34Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": -1, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 163, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/163/?format=api", "name": "Russian Aerospace Defence Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 1624, "configuration": { "id": 40, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/40/?format=api", "name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "family": "Rokot", "full_name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "variant": "Briz-KM" } }, "mission": { "id": 886, "name": "Gonets M-13, Gonets M-15, Strela-3M (Kosmos-2481) & Yubileyniy 2 (MiR)", "description": "Gonets-M are an upgraded version of Gonets satellites, derived from military communications system Strela-3. Gonets-M constellation is tasked with monitoring ecological and industrial objects, providing communication and data transmission services, covering also the remote areas like the Far North region.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 3, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/3/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "133/3 (133L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.886999,40.846984", "latitude": "62.886999", "longitude": "40.846984", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1674, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_3_20200803143438.jpg", "total_launch_count": 159, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 159 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/rokot25202f2520briz-km_image_20190224012237.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 5233, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1585, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 144, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 3, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 43, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "4512267a-d01b-4dc5-883a-2148e0e64682", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/4512267a-d01b-4dc5-883a-2148e0e64682/?format=api", "slug": "rokot-briz-km-gonets-m12-2-x-strela-3-kosmos-2467", "name": "Rokot / Briz-KM | Gonets-M12 & 2 x Strela-3 (Kosmos 2467, Kosmos 2468)", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2024-06-15T13:52:15Z", "net": "2010-09-08T03:30:18Z", "window_end": "2010-09-08T03:30:18Z", "window_start": "2010-09-08T03:30:18Z", "net_precision": { "id": 0, "name": "Second", "abbrev": "SEC", "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the second." }, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 193, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/193/?format=api", "name": "Russian Space Forces", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 1479, "configuration": { "id": 40, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/40/?format=api", "name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "family": "Rokot", "full_name": "Rokot/Briz-KM", "variant": "Briz-KM" } }, "mission": { "id": 798, "name": "Gonets-M12 & 2 x Strela-3 (Kosmos 2467, Kosmos 2468)", "description": "Gonets-M are an upgraded version of Gonets satellites, derived from military communications system Strela-3. Gonets-M constellation is tasked with monitoring ecological and industrial objects, providing communication and data transmission services, covering also the remote areas like the Far North region.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Communications", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 3, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/3/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "133/3 (133L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.886999,40.846984", "latitude": "62.886999", "longitude": "40.846984", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. 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