AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.

EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX

GET Return a list of all Launch objects.

FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'

MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'

EXAMPLE ?mode=list

SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.

EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX

GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=2990&ordering=-id
HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "count": 7505,
    "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=3000&ordering=-id",
    "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=2980&ordering=-id",
    "results": [
        {
            "id": "9a12c6c9-a812-4733-a56a-98aab0155370",
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/9a12c6c9-a812-4733-a56a-98aab0155370/?format=api",
            "slug": "voskhod-zenit-4mk-51",
            "name": "Voskhod | Zenit-4MK 51",
            "status": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Launch Successful",
                "abbrev": "Success",
                "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)."
            },
            "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:41:29Z",
            "net": "1975-10-01T08:30:00Z",
            "window_end": "1975-10-01T08:30:00Z",
            "window_start": "1975-10-01T08:30:00Z",
            "net_precision": null,
            "probability": null,
            "weather_concerns": null,
            "holdreason": "",
            "failreason": null,
            "hashtag": null,
            "launch_service_provider": {
                "id": 66,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api",
                "name": "Soviet Space Program",
                "type": "Government"
            },
            "rocket": {
                "id": 4631,
                "configuration": {
                    "id": 104,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/104/?format=api",
                    "name": "Voskhod",
                    "family": "R-7",
                    "full_name": "Voskhod",
                    "variant": "Voskhod"
                }
            },
            "mission": {
                "id": 3049,
                "name": "Zenit-4MK 51",
                "description": "High resolution optical reconnaissance satellite of the Vostok-based Zenit family.",
                "launch_designator": null,
                "type": "Government/Top Secret",
                "orbit": {
                    "id": 8,
                    "name": "Low Earth Orbit",
                    "abbrev": "LEO"
                },
                "agencies": [],
                "info_urls": [],
                "vid_urls": []
            },
            "pad": {
                "id": 20,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/20/?format=api",
                "agency_id": null,
                "name": "31/6",
                "description": "",
                "info_url": null,
                "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_31",
                "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.996034,63.564003",
                "latitude": "45.996034",
                "longitude": "63.564003",
                "location": {
                    "id": 15,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api",
                    "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan",
                    "country_code": "KAZ",
                    "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.",
                    "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg",
                    "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda",
                    "total_launch_count": 1555,
                    "total_landing_count": 0
                },
                "country_code": "KAZ",
                "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_20_20200803143516.jpg",
                "total_launch_count": 422,
                "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 422
            },
            "webcast_live": false,
            "image": null,
            "infographic": null,
            "program": [],
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 1750,
            "location_launch_attempt_count": 434,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count": 166,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count": 957,
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 99,
            "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 19,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 10,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 71,
            "type": "normal"
        },
        {
            "id": "9a0216fd-811b-4e20-be0a-98e6c54859e4",
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/9a0216fd-811b-4e20-be0a-98e6c54859e4/?format=api",
            "slug": "falcon-9-block-5-dragon-crs-2-spx-27",
            "name": "Falcon 9 Block 5 | Dragon CRS-2 SpX-27",
            "status": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Launch Successful",
                "abbrev": "Success",
                "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)."
            },
            "last_updated": "2024-03-05T18:13:56Z",
            "net": "2023-03-15T00:30:42Z",
            "window_end": "2023-03-15T00:30:42Z",
            "window_start": "2023-03-15T00:30:42Z",
            "net_precision": {
                "id": 0,
                "name": "Second",
                "abbrev": "SEC",
                "description": "The T-0 is accurate to the second."
            },
            "probability": 80,
            "weather_concerns": null,
            "holdreason": "",
            "failreason": "",
            "hashtag": null,
            "launch_service_provider": {
                "id": 121,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api",
                "name": "SpaceX",
                "type": "Commercial"
            },
            "rocket": {
                "id": 7459,
                "configuration": {
                    "id": 164,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/164/?format=api",
                    "name": "Falcon 9",
                    "family": "Falcon",
                    "full_name": "Falcon 9 Block 5",
                    "variant": "Block 5"
                }
            },
            "mission": {
                "id": 5857,
                "name": "Dragon CRS-2 SpX-27",
                "description": "27th commercial resupply services mission to the International Space Station operated by SpaceX. The flight will be conducted under the second Commercial Resupply Services contract with NASA.\r\n\r\nCargo Dragon 2 brings supplies and payloads, including critical materials to directly support science and research investigations that occur onboard the orbiting laboratory.",
                "launch_designator": null,
                "type": "Resupply",
                "orbit": {
                    "id": 8,
                    "name": "Low Earth Orbit",
                    "abbrev": "LEO"
                },
                "agencies": [
                    {
                        "id": 44,
                        "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                        "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                        "featured": true,
                        "type": "Government",
                        "country_code": "USA",
                        "abbrev": "NASA",
                        "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.",
                        "administrator": "Acting Administrator:  James Free",
                        "founding_year": "1958",
                        "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS",
                        "spacecraft": "Orion",
                        "launch_library_url": null,
                        "total_launch_count": 141,
                        "consecutive_successful_launches": 11,
                        "successful_launches": 121,
                        "failed_launches": 20,
                        "pending_launches": 6,
                        "consecutive_successful_landings": 0,
                        "successful_landings": 0,
                        "failed_landings": 0,
                        "attempted_landings": 0,
                        "info_url": "http://www.nasa.gov",
                        "wiki_url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration",
                        "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png",
                        "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg",
                        "nation_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_nation_20230803040809.jpg"
                    }
                ],
                "info_urls": [],
                "vid_urls": []
            },
            "pad": {
                "id": 87,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/87/?format=api",
                "agency_id": 121,
                "name": "Launch Complex 39A",
                "description": "",
                "info_url": null,
                "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39#Launch_Pad_39A",
                "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.60822681,-80.60428186",
                "latitude": "28.60822681",
                "longitude": "-80.60428186",
                "location": {
                    "id": 27,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/27/?format=api",
                    "name": "Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA",
                    "country_code": "USA",
                    "description": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center, located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of NASA's ten field centers. Since 1968, KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of American spaceflight, research, and technology. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS).",
                    "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_27_20200803142447.jpg",
                    "timezone_name": "America/New_York",
                    "total_launch_count": 265,
                    "total_landing_count": 0
                },
                "country_code": "USA",
                "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_87_20200803143537.jpg",
                "total_launch_count": 207,
                "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 206
            },
            "webcast_live": false,
            "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/falcon2520925_image_20210520085648.jpeg",
            "infographic": null,
            "program": [
                {
                    "id": 11,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/11/?format=api",
                    "name": "Commercial Resupply Services",
                    "description": "Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) are a series of flights awarded by NASA for the delivery of cargo and supplies to the International Space Station.The first CRS contracts were signed in 2008 and awarded $1.6 billion to SpaceX for twelve cargo Dragon and $1.9 billion to Orbital Sciences for eight Cygnus flights, covering deliveries to 2016. The Falcon 9 and Antares rockets were also developed under the CRS program to deliver cargo spacecraft to the ISS.",
                    "agencies": [
                        {
                            "id": 44,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                            "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                            "type": "Government"
                        },
                        {
                            "id": 257,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/257/?format=api",
                            "name": "Northrop Grumman Space Systems",
                            "type": "Commercial"
                        },
                        {
                            "id": 1020,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/1020/?format=api",
                            "name": "Sierra Nevada Corporation",
                            "type": "Commercial"
                        },
                        {
                            "id": 121,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/121/?format=api",
                            "name": "SpaceX",
                            "type": "Commercial"
                        }
                    ],
                    "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/commercial2520_program_20201129212219.png",
                    "start_date": "2008-12-23T00:00:00Z",
                    "end_date": null,
                    "info_url": null,
                    "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_Resupply_Services#Commercial_Resupply_Services",
                    "mission_patches": [],
                    "type": {
                        "id": 2,
                        "name": "Human Spaceflight"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 17,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/17/?format=api",
                    "name": "International Space Station",
                    "description": "The International Space Station programme is tied together by a complex set of legal, political and financial agreements between the sixteen nations involved in the project, governing ownership of the various components, rights to crewing and utilization, and responsibilities for crew rotation and resupply of the International Space Station. It was conceived in 1984 by President Ronald Reagan, during the Space Station Freedom project as it was originally called.",
                    "agencies": [
                        {
                            "id": 16,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/16/?format=api",
                            "name": "Canadian Space Agency",
                            "type": "Government"
                        },
                        {
                            "id": 27,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/27/?format=api",
                            "name": "European Space Agency",
                            "type": "Multinational"
                        },
                        {
                            "id": 37,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/37/?format=api",
                            "name": "Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency",
                            "type": "Government"
                        },
                        {
                            "id": 44,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api",
                            "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
                            "type": "Government"
                        },
                        {
                            "id": 63,
                            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api",
                            "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)",
                            "type": "Government"
                        }
                    ],
                    "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/international2_program_20201129184745.png",
                    "start_date": "1998-11-20T06:40:00Z",
                    "end_date": null,
                    "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html",
                    "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Space_Station_programme",
                    "mission_patches": [],
                    "type": {
                        "id": 2,
                        "name": "Human Spaceflight"
                    }
                }
            ],
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 6405,
            "location_launch_attempt_count": 217,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count": 159,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count": 230,
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 37,
            "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 4,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 4,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 17,
            "type": "normal"
        },
        {
            "id": "99effb27-ff20-42ba-8c86-3c91f88a0762",
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/99effb27-ff20-42ba-8c86-3c91f88a0762/?format=api",
            "slug": "zenit-2-tselina-2-3",
            "name": "Zenit-2 | Tselina-2 3",
            "status": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Launch Successful",
                "abbrev": "Success",
                "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)."
            },
            "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:30:58Z",
            "net": "1985-12-28T09:16:30Z",
            "window_end": "1985-12-28T09:16:30Z",
            "window_start": "1985-12-28T09:16:30Z",
            "net_precision": null,
            "probability": null,
            "weather_concerns": null,
            "holdreason": "",
            "failreason": null,
            "hashtag": null,
            "launch_service_provider": {
                "id": 66,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api",
                "name": "Soviet Space Program",
                "type": "Government"
            },
            "rocket": {
                "id": 5821,
                "configuration": {
                    "id": 455,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/455/?format=api",
                    "name": "Zenit-2",
                    "family": "Zenith",
                    "full_name": "Zenit-2",
                    "variant": "2"
                }
            },
            "mission": {
                "id": 4219,
                "name": "Tselina-2 3",
                "description": "Second generation ELING satellite",
                "launch_designator": null,
                "type": "Government/Top Secret",
                "orbit": {
                    "id": 8,
                    "name": "Low Earth Orbit",
                    "abbrev": "LEO"
                },
                "agencies": [],
                "info_urls": [],
                "vid_urls": []
            },
            "pad": {
                "id": 2,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/2/?format=api",
                "agency_id": null,
                "name": "45/1",
                "description": null,
                "info_url": null,
                "wiki_url": "",
                "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.943492,63.653014",
                "latitude": "45.943492",
                "longitude": "63.653014",
                "location": {
                    "id": 15,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api",
                    "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan",
                    "country_code": "KAZ",
                    "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.",
                    "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg",
                    "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda",
                    "total_launch_count": 1555,
                    "total_landing_count": 0
                },
                "country_code": "KAZ",
                "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_2_20200803143256.jpg",
                "total_launch_count": 46,
                "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 46
            },
            "webcast_live": false,
            "image": null,
            "infographic": null,
            "program": [],
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3029,
            "location_launch_attempt_count": 763,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count": 4,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count": 1956,
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 125,
            "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 36,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 4,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 100,
            "type": "normal"
        },
        {
            "id": "99efac1d-1f5f-438e-84a4-9b423b265d1a",
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/99efac1d-1f5f-438e-84a4-9b423b265d1a/?format=api",
            "slug": "vostok-8a92-zenit-2-25",
            "name": "Vostok 8A92 | Zenit-2 25",
            "status": {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Launch Successful",
                "abbrev": "Success",
                "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)."
            },
            "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:41:26Z",
            "net": "1965-01-11T09:29:58Z",
            "window_end": "1965-01-11T09:29:58Z",
            "window_start": "1965-01-11T09:29:58Z",
            "net_precision": null,
            "probability": null,
            "weather_concerns": null,
            "holdreason": "",
            "failreason": null,
            "hashtag": null,
            "launch_service_provider": {
                "id": 66,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/66/?format=api",
                "name": "Soviet Space Program",
                "type": "Government"
            },
            "rocket": {
                "id": 3351,
                "configuration": {
                    "id": 451,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/451/?format=api",
                    "name": "Vostok 8A92",
                    "family": "Vostok",
                    "full_name": "Vostok 8A92",
                    "variant": "8A92"
                }
            },
            "mission": {
                "id": 1772,
                "name": "Zenit-2 25",
                "description": "Zenit-2 film-return and ELINT reconnaissance satellite.",
                "launch_designator": null,
                "type": "Government/Top Secret",
                "orbit": {
                    "id": 8,
                    "name": "Low Earth Orbit",
                    "abbrev": "LEO"
                },
                "agencies": [],
                "info_urls": [],
                "vid_urls": []
            },
            "pad": {
                "id": 20,
                "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/20/?format=api",
                "agency_id": null,
                "name": "31/6",
                "description": "",
                "info_url": null,
                "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_31",
                "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.996034,63.564003",
                "latitude": "45.996034",
                "longitude": "63.564003",
                "location": {
                    "id": 15,
                    "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api",
                    "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan",
                    "country_code": "KAZ",
                    "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.",
                    "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg",
                    "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda",
                    "total_launch_count": 1555,
                    "total_landing_count": 0
                },
                "country_code": "KAZ",
                "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_20_20200803143516.jpg",
                "total_launch_count": 422,
                "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 422
            },
            "webcast_live": false,
            "image": null,
            "infographic": null,
            "program": [],
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 394,
            "location_launch_attempt_count": 85,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count": 13,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count": 109,
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 1,
            "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 1,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1,
            "type": "normal"
        },
        {
            "id": "99ec7436-8df7-459d-acbf-fcab24fba528",
            "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/99ec7436-8df7-459d-acbf-fcab24fba528/?format=api",
            "slug": "thor-slv-2a-agena-d-kh-5-11",
            "name": "Thor SLV-2A Agena D | KH-5 11",
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                    "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.",
                    "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg",
                    "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow",
                    "total_launch_count": 1674,
                    "total_landing_count": 0
                },
                "country_code": "RUS",
                "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_3_20200803143438.jpg",
                "total_launch_count": 159,
                "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 159
            },
            "webcast_live": false,
            "image": null,
            "infographic": null,
            "program": [],
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 1426,
            "location_launch_attempt_count": 276,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count": 64,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count": 716,
            "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 4,
            "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 2,
            "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1,
            "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 4,
            "type": "normal"
        }
    ]
}