Launch List
AN API endpoint that returns all Launch objects or a single launch.
EXAMPLE - /launch/[id]/ or /launch/?mode=list&search=SpaceX
GET Return a list of all Launch objects.
FILTERS Fields - 'name', 'id(s)', 'lsp__id', 'lsp__name', 'serial_number', 'launcher_config__id', 'rocket__spacecraftflight__spacecraft__name', 'is_crewed', 'include_suborbital', 'spacecraft_config__ids', 'related', 'location__ids', 'lsp__ids', 'pad__ids', 'status__ids'
MODE 'normal', 'list', 'detailed'
EXAMPLE ?mode=list
SEARCH Searches through the launch name, rocket name, launch agency, mission name & spacecraft name.
EXAMPLE - ?search=SpaceX
GET /2.2.0/launch/?format=api&offset=2760&ordering=id
{ "count": 7921, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=2770&ordering=id", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/?format=api&limit=10&offset=2750&ordering=id", "results": [ { "id": "5aec8f39-0432-443e-905d-d45db3ba28aa", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/5aec8f39-0432-443e-905d-d45db3ba28aa/?format=api", "slug": "dnepr-dubaisat-1", "name": "Dnepr | DubaiSat 1", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:33:04Z", "net": "2009-07-29T18:46:29Z", "window_end": "2009-07-29T18:46:29Z", "window_start": "2009-07-29T18:46:29Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 119, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/119/?format=api", "name": "ISC Kosmotras", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 7400, "configuration": { "id": 31, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/31/?format=api", "name": "Dnepr", "family": "", "full_name": "Dnepr 1", "variant": "1" } }, "mission": { "id": 5789, "name": "DubaiSat 1", "description": "Emirati Earth observation satellite. Launched with 5 secondary payloads.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Earth Science", "orbit": { "id": 17, "name": "Sun-Synchronous Orbit", "abbrev": "SSO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 12, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/12/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "109/95", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=45.95112,63.497095", "latitude": "45.95112", "longitude": "63.497095", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda", "total_launch_count": 1563, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "KAZ", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_12_20200803143322.jpg", "total_launch_count": 12, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 12 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/dnepr-1_liftoff_image_20240411092543.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4997, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1320, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 10, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 13, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 43, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 13, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "5aff8c15-abef-45a5-bab0-567e829cd97d", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/5aff8c15-abef-45a5-bab0-567e829cd97d/?format=api", "slug": "saturn-i-saturn-sa-1", "name": "Saturn I | Saturn SA-1", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T17:42:45Z", "net": "1961-10-27T15:06:04Z", "window_end": "1961-10-27T15:06:04Z", "window_start": "1961-10-27T15:06:04Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": "", "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 7418, "configuration": { "id": 355, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/355/?format=api", "name": "Saturn I", "family": "Saturn", "full_name": "Saturn I", "variant": "I" } }, "mission": { "id": 5807, "name": "Saturn SA-1", "description": "First test flight of the Saturn I launch vehicle and first mission of the Apollo program.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Test Flight", "orbit": { "id": 15, "name": "Suborbital", "abbrev": "Sub" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 19, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/19/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Launch Complex 34", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Launch_Complex_34", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.521811,-80.56113", "latitude": "28.521811", "longitude": "-80.56113", "location": { "id": 12, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/12/?format=api", "name": "Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_12_20200803142519.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 1119, "total_landing_count": 75 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_19_20200803143428.jpg", "total_launch_count": 9, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/saturn_1_on_lc-_image_20240411095856.jpeg", "infographic": null, "program": [ { "id": 4, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/program/4/?format=api", "name": "Apollo", "description": "The Apollo program was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which succeeded in landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.", "agencies": [ { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "type": "Government" } ], "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/apollo_program_20200820200202.png", "start_date": "1966-11-16T00:00:00Z", "end_date": "1972-12-19T19:24:59Z", "info_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/index.html", "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_program", "mission_patches": [], "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Human Spaceflight" } } ], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": null, "location_launch_attempt_count": 68, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 34, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": null, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 18, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 15, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "5b01e4b5-60e5-4cd0-9895-6a43b8cf8533", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/5b01e4b5-60e5-4cd0-9895-6a43b8cf8533/?format=api", "slug": "kosmos-3m-strela-3-135-to-136", "name": "Kosmos-3M | Strela-3 135 to 136", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:43:46Z", "net": "2004-09-23T15:07:36Z", "window_end": "2004-09-23T15:07:36Z", "window_start": "2004-09-23T15:07:36Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 154, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/154/?format=api", "name": "Production Corporation Polyot", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 7198, "configuration": { "id": 102, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/102/?format=api", "name": "Kosmos-3M", "family": "Kosmos", "full_name": "Kosmos-3M (11K65M)", "variant": "-3M" } }, "mission": { "id": 5587, "name": "Strela-3 135 to 136", "description": "Second generation store-dump military communications satellites", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 8, "name": "Low Earth Orbit", "abbrev": "LEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 28, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/28/?format=api", "agency_id": 163, "name": "132/1 (132L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=62.883229,40.868549", "latitude": "62.883229", "longitude": "40.868549", "location": { "id": 6, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/6/?format=api", "name": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation", "country_code": "RUS", "description": "Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 km south of Arkhangelsk. Originally developed as an ICBM site for the R-7 missile, it also served for numerous satellite launches using the R-7 and other rockets. Its high latitude makes it useful only for certain types of launches, especially the Molniya orbits, so for much of the site's history it functioned as a secondary location, with most orbital launches taking place from Baikonur, in the Kazakh SSR. With the end of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a foreign territory, and Kazakhstan charged $115 million usage fees annually. Consequently, Plesetsk has seen considerably more activity since the 2000s.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_6_20200803142434.jpg", "timezone_name": "Europe/Moscow", "total_launch_count": 1685, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "RUS", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_28_20200803143254.jpg", "total_launch_count": 212, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 212 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/kosmos-3m_durin_image_20251101171325.jpg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 4677, "location_launch_attempt_count": 1537, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 201, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 46, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 38, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 2, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "5b077c63-2b67-480f-8d22-1de9e08f7f4d", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/5b077c63-2b67-480f-8d22-1de9e08f7f4d/?format=api", "slug": "atlas-slv-3-agena-d-kh-7-30", "name": "Atlas SLV-3 Agena D | KH-7 30", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:37:46Z", "net": "1966-07-12T17:55:00Z", "window_end": "1966-07-12T17:55:00Z", "window_start": "1966-07-12T17:55:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 161, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/161/?format=api", "name": "United States Air Force", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 3548, "configuration": { "id": 258, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/258/?format=api", "name": "Atlas SLV-3 Agena D", "family": "Atlas", "full_name": "Atlas SLV-3 Agena D", "variant": "SLV-3 Agena D" } }, "mission": { "id": 1968, "name": "KH-7 30", "description": "The Program 206 satellite, carrying the KH-7 (Keyhole 7) camera system (codenamed Gambit-1), was the first successful high resolution space reconnaissance program. It was managed by NRO's Program A, the USAF-led segment of the National Reconnaissance Program managed from Los Angeles AFB in El Segundo, California.", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 17, "name": "Sun-Synchronous Orbit", "abbrev": "SSO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 16, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/16/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "Space Launch Complex 4E", "description": "Space Launch Complex 4 East (SLC-4E) is a launch site at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, U.S.\r\n\r\nThe pad was previously used by Atlas and Titan rockets between 1963 and 2005. The pad was built for use by Atlas-Agena rockets, but was later rebuilt to handle Titan rockets.", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_4#SLC-4E", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=34.632,-120.611", "latitude": "34.632", "longitude": "-120.611", "location": { "id": 11, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/11/?format=api", "name": "Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Vandenberg Space Force Base is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_11_20200803142416.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/Los_Angeles", "total_launch_count": 896, "total_landing_count": 35 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_16_20200803143532.jpg", "total_launch_count": 280, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 280 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/atlas-slv3_agen_image_20251102060811.jpg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 586, "location_launch_attempt_count": 223, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 19, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 336, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 69, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 24, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 7, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 37, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "5b0d73a9-0887-4067-aa7d-c7262ec42244", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/5b0d73a9-0887-4067-aa7d-c7262ec42244/?format=api", "slug": "titan-34d-transtage-dsp-f12", "name": "Titan 34D Transtage | DSP F12", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T17:41:38Z", "net": "1984-12-22T00:02:03Z", "window_end": "1984-12-22T00:02:03Z", "window_start": "1984-12-22T00:02:03Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 161, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/161/?format=api", "name": "United States Air Force", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 5709, "configuration": { "id": 426, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/426/?format=api", "name": "Titan 34D Transtage", "family": "Titan", "full_name": "Titan 34D Transtage", "variant": "34D Transtage" } }, "mission": { "id": 4110, "name": "DSP F12", "description": "Geostationary early warning satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 1, "name": "Geostationary Orbit", "abbrev": "Direct-GEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 80, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/80/?format=api", "agency_id": 121, "name": "Space Launch Complex 40", "description": "", "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Space_Launch_Complex_40", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=28.56194122,-80.57735736", "latitude": "28.56194122", "longitude": "-80.57735736", "location": { "id": 12, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/12/?format=api", "name": "Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA", "country_code": "USA", "description": "Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_12_20200803142519.jpg", "timezone_name": "America/New_York", "total_launch_count": 1119, "total_landing_count": 75 }, "country_code": "USA", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_80_20200803143323.jpg", "total_launch_count": 391, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 391 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": null, "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 2904, "location_launch_attempt_count": 402, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 30, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 830, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 129, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 7, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 3, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 17, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "5b0e5084-a352-4da9-836e-a78c0729e771", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/5b0e5084-a352-4da9-836e-a78c0729e771/?format=api", "slug": "proton-us-kmo-2", "name": "Proton | US-KMO 2", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T03:35:04Z", "net": "1992-12-17T12:45:00Z", "window_end": "1992-12-17T12:45:00Z", "window_start": "1992-12-17T12:45:00Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 96, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/96/?format=api", "name": "Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center", "type": "Government" }, "rocket": { "id": 6490, "configuration": { "id": 80, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/80/?format=api", "name": "Proton", "family": "Proton / UR-500", "full_name": "Proton K/DM-2", "variant": "K/DM-2" } }, "mission": { "id": 4880, "name": "US-KMO 2", "description": "Second generation early warning satellite", "launch_designator": null, "type": "Government/Top Secret", "orbit": { "id": 1, "name": "Geostationary Orbit", "abbrev": "Direct-GEO" }, "agencies": [], "info_urls": [], "vid_urls": [] }, "pad": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/pad/15/?format=api", "agency_id": null, "name": "200/39 (200L)", "description": null, "info_url": null, "wiki_url": "", "map_url": "https://www.google.com/maps?q=46.039984,63.032093", "latitude": "46.039984", "longitude": "63.032093", "location": { "id": 15, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/location/15/?format=api", "name": "Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan", "country_code": "KAZ", "description": "The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan. Located in the Kazakh city of Baikonur, it is the largest operational space launch facility in terms of area. All Russian crewed spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/location_15_20200803142517.jpg", "timezone_name": "Asia/Qyzylorda", "total_launch_count": 1563, "total_landing_count": 0 }, "country_code": "KAZ", "map_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/map_images/pad_15_20200803143530.jpg", "total_launch_count": 167, "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 167 }, "webcast_live": false, "image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/proton_image_20231231095535.jpg", "infographic": null, "program": [], "orbital_launch_attempt_count": 3778, "location_launch_attempt_count": 995, "pad_launch_attempt_count": 64, "agency_launch_attempt_count": 8, "orbital_launch_attempt_count_year": 90, "location_launch_attempt_count_year": 20, "pad_launch_attempt_count_year": 1, "agency_launch_attempt_count_year": 8, "type": "normal" }, { "id": "5b25fef0-9cac-4d69-9f1c-2214b10060db", "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/launch/5b25fef0-9cac-4d69-9f1c-2214b10060db/?format=api", "slug": "atlas-iia-tdrs-9", "name": "Atlas IIA | TDRS 9", "status": { "id": 3, "name": "Launch Successful", "abbrev": "Success", "description": "The launch vehicle successfully inserted its payload(s) into the target orbit(s)." }, "last_updated": "2023-06-14T17:40:04Z", "net": "2002-03-08T22:59:01Z", "window_end": "2002-03-08T22:59:01Z", "window_start": "2002-03-08T22:59:01Z", "net_precision": null, "probability": null, "weather_concerns": null, "holdreason": "", "failreason": null, "hashtag": null, "launch_service_provider": { "id": 82, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/82/?format=api", "name": "Lockheed Martin", "type": "Commercial" }, "rocket": { "id": 7079, "configuration": { "id": 254, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/config/launcher/254/?format=api", "name": "Atlas IIA", "family": "Atlas", "full_name": "Atlas IIA", "variant": "IIA" } }, "mission": { "id": 5468, "name": "TDRS 9", "description": "TDRS-9, known before launch as TDRS-I, is an American communications satellite which is operated by NASA as part of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. 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