Astronaut List
API endpoint that allows Astronaut to be viewed.
GET: Return a list of all the existing astronauts.
MODE: Normal, List, LaunchList and Detailed /2.2.0/astronaut/?mode=detailed
FILTERS: Parameters - 'name', 'status', 'nationality', 'agency__name', 'agency__abbrev', 'date_of_birth', 'date_of_death', 'status_ids', 'is_human', 'type__id', 'has_flown', 'in_space' Example - /2.2.0/astronaut/?nationality=American
SEARCH EXAMPLE: /2.2.0/astronaut/?search=armstrong Searches through name, nationality and agency name
ORDERING: Fields - 'name', 'status', 'date_of_birth' Example - /2.2.0/astronaut/?order=name
GET /2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&offset=370&ordering=-flights_count
{ "count": 784, "next": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=380&ordering=-flights_count", "previous": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/?format=api&limit=10&offset=360&ordering=-flights_count", "results": [ { "id": 360, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/360/?format=api", "name": "Robert L. Stewart", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P12DT1H25S", "eva_time": "PT12H12M", "age": 82, "date_of_birth": "1942-05-10", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "bio": "Robert Lee Stewart is a retired brigadier general of the United States Army and a former NASA astronaut.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_L._Stewart", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/robert2520l.2520stewart_image_20181202105233.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185734.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 2, "last_flight": "1985-10-03T15:15:30Z", "first_flight": "1984-02-03T13:00:00Z" }, { "id": 86, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/86/?format=api", "name": "Chen Dong", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P214DT15H54M19S", "eva_time": "PT15H53M", "age": 45, "date_of_birth": "1978-12-12", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Chinese", "bio": "Chen Dong (simplified Chinese: 陈冬; traditional Chinese: 陳冬; pinyin: Chén Dōng; born 12 December 1978) is a Chinese pilot and astronaut selected as part of the Shenzhou program.\r\n\r\nHe was selected to fly on the Shenzhou 11 mission in October 2016 with astronaut Jing Haipeng. The two underwent more than 3,000 hours of training before the launch of the spacecraft. On 17 October 2016 On 07:30 local time (23:30 GMT on 16 October), Chen lifted off with Shenzhou 11 for a 33-day space mission to the Tiangong-2 space station as his first spaceflight, launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using a Long March 2F launch rocket. The crew landed successfully after the 33 day mission on 18 November 2016, marking China's longest manned space flight to date. The reentry module of the Shenzhou-11 spacecraft landed in Inner Mongolia around 2.15 p.m(China time) after detaching from the space lab on 17 November.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen_Dong_(astronaut)", "agency": { "id": 17, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/17/?format=api", "name": "China National Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "CHN", "abbrev": "CNSA", "description": "The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the national space program and for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. The CNSA has many launch sites around China with their orbital sites located in Jiuquan, Xichang, Taiyuan and Wenchang.", "administrator": "Administrator: Tang Dengjie", "founding_year": "1993", "launchers": "", "spacecraft": "Shenzhou", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_image_20190207032431.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/china2520national2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032431.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/chen_dong_image_20220604084758.png", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190228.png", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 3, "last_flight": "2022-06-05T02:44:10Z", "first_flight": "2016-10-16T23:30:31Z" }, { "id": 24, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/24/?format=api", "name": "Gordon Cooper", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P9DT9H15M", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 77, "date_of_birth": "1927-03-06", "date_of_death": "2004-10-04", "nationality": "American", "bio": "Leroy Gordon \"Gordo\" Cooper Jr. was an American aerospace engineer, test pilot, United States Air Force pilot, and the youngest of the seven original astronauts in Project Mercury, the first manned space program of the United States.\r\n\r\nCooper piloted the longest and final Mercury spaceflight in 1963. He was the first American to sleep in space during that 34-hour mission and was the last American to be launched alone to conduct an entirely solo orbital mission. In 1965, Cooper flew as Command Pilot of Gemini 5.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Cooper", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/gordon2520cooper_image_20190426143645.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190805.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "1965-08-21T14:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1963-05-15T13:04:13Z" }, { "id": 50, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/50/?format=api", "name": "Owen K. Garriott", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P69DT17H56M1S", "eva_time": "PT13H43M", "age": 88, "date_of_birth": "1930-11-22", "date_of_death": "2019-04-15", "nationality": "American", "bio": "Owen Kay Garriott is an American electrical engineer and former NASA astronaut, who spent 60 days aboard the Skylab space station in 1973 during the Skylab 3 mission, and 10 days aboard Spacelab-1 on a Space Shuttle mission in 1983.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_K._Garriott", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/owen2520k.2520garriott_image_20190415193012.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190930.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 3, "last_flight": "1983-11-28T16:00:00Z", "first_flight": "1973-07-28T11:10:50Z" }, { "id": 525, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/525/?format=api", "name": "Gregory Chamitoff", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P198DT18H1M20S", "eva_time": "PT13H43M", "age": 62, "date_of_birth": "1962-08-06", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "bio": "Gregory Errol Chamitoff is an engineer and NASA astronaut. He was assigned to Expedition 17 and flew to the International Space Station on STS-124, launching 31 May 2008. He was in space for 6 months, joining Expedition 18 after Expedition 17 left the station. He returned to Earth on the 30th of November 2008 aboard STS-126. Chamitoff served as a mission specialist on the STS-134 mission, which was the last flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour which delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer to the ISS.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Astro_Taz", "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Chamitoff", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/gregory_chamito_image_20220911034240.jpeg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190336.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 2, "last_flight": "2011-05-16T12:56:28Z", "first_flight": "2008-05-31T21:02:12Z" }, { "id": 239, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/239/?format=api", "name": "Aleksandr Samokutyayev", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P331DT11H22M40S", "eva_time": "PT10H1M", "age": 54, "date_of_birth": "1970-03-13", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Russian", "bio": "Aleksandr Mikhailovich Samokutyayev (Александр Михайлович Самокутяев – born 13 March 1970 in Penza / Penza Oblast / Russian SFSR) is a former Russian cosmonaut. Samokutyayev served as a Flight Engineer for the International Space Station (ISS) long duration Expedition 27/28 missions. He also served as the Soyuz TMA-21 commander. He most recently served on the Soyuz TMA-14M Expedition 41/42 crew aboard the ISS. He was hired as a cosmonaut in the summer of 2003.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Samokutyayev", "agency": { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "RUS", "abbrev": "RFSA", "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. Soyuz has many launch locations the Russian sites are Baikonur, Plesetsk and Vostochny however Ariane also purchases the vehicle and launches it from French Guiana.", "administrator": "Administrator: Yuri Borisov", "founding_year": "1992", "launchers": "Soyuz", "spacecraft": "Soyuz", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_image_20190207032459.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_logo_20190207032459.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/aleksandr2520samokutyayev_image_20181201214845.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305185934.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 2, "last_flight": "2014-09-25T20:25:00Z", "first_flight": "2011-04-04T22:18:20Z" }, { "id": 165, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/165/?format=api", "name": "Vladimir Komarov", "status": { "id": 4, "name": "Lost In Flight" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P2DT3H4M55S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 40, "date_of_birth": "1927-03-16", "date_of_death": "1967-04-24", "nationality": "Russian", "bio": "Vladimir Mikhaylovich Komarov (Russian: Влади́мир Миха́йлович Комаро́в, IPA: [vlɐˈdʲimʲɪr mʲɪˈxaɪləvʲɪtɕ kəmɐˈrof]; 16 March 1927 – 24 April 1967) was a Soviet test pilot, aerospace engineer and cosmonaut. In October 1964, he commanded Voskhod 1, the first spaceflight to carry more than one crew member. He became the first cosmonaut to fly in space twice when he was selected as the solo pilot of Soyuz 1, the first manned test flight of a new spacecraft. A parachute failure caused his Soyuz capsule to crash into the ground after re-entry on 24 April 1967, making him the first human to die in a space flight.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Komarov", "agency": { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "RUS", "abbrev": "RFSA", "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. Soyuz has many launch locations the Russian sites are Baikonur, Plesetsk and Vostochny however Ariane also purchases the vehicle and launches it from French Guiana.", "administrator": "Administrator: Yuri Borisov", "founding_year": "1992", "launchers": "Soyuz", "spacecraft": "Soyuz", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_image_20190207032459.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_logo_20190207032459.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/vladimir2520komarov_image_20181129233024.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190016.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "1967-04-23T00:35:00Z", "first_flight": "1964-10-12T07:30:01Z" }, { "id": 224, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/224/?format=api", "name": "Valeri Polyakov", "status": { "id": 11, "name": "Deceased" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P678DT16H33M13S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 80, "date_of_birth": "1942-04-27", "date_of_death": "2022-09-19", "nationality": "Russian", "bio": "Valeri Vladimirovich Polyakov (Russian: Валерий Владимирович Поляков, born Valeri Ivanovich Korshunov on April 27, 1942) is a former Russian cosmonaut. He is the holder of the record for the longest single stay in space in human history, staying aboard the Mir space station for more than 14 months (437 days 18 hours) during one trip. His combined space experience is more than 22 months.\r\n\r\nSelected as a cosmonaut in 1972, Polyakov made his first flight into space aboard Soyuz TM-6 in 1988. He returned to Earth 240 days later aboard TM-7. Polyakov completed his second flight into space in 1994–1995, spending 437 days in space between launching on Soyuz TM-18 and landing on TM-20, setting the record for the longest time continuously spent in space by an individual in human history.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valeri_Polyakov", "agency": { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "RUS", "abbrev": "RFSA", "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. Soyuz has many launch locations the Russian sites are Baikonur, Plesetsk and Vostochny however Ariane also purchases the vehicle and launches it from French Guiana.", "administrator": "Administrator: Yuri Borisov", "founding_year": "1992", "launchers": "Soyuz", "spacecraft": "Soyuz", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_image_20190207032459.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/russian2520federal2520space2520agency25202528roscosmos2529_logo_20190207032459.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/valeri2520polyakov_image_20181201212156.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190133.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 0, "last_flight": "1994-01-08T10:05:34Z", "first_flight": "1988-08-29T04:23:11Z" }, { "id": 567, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/567/?format=api", "name": "Mark T. Vande Hei", "status": { "id": 1, "name": "Active" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P523DT8H59M17S", "eva_time": "P1DT2H42M", "age": 57, "date_of_birth": "1966-11-10", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "American", "bio": "Mark Thomas Vande Hei is a NASA astronaut who served as a flight Engineer for Expedition 53 and 54 on the International Space Station.", "twitter": "https://twitter.com/Astro_Sabot", "instagram": null, "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_T._Vande_Hei", "agency": { "id": 44, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/44/?format=api", "name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "USA", "abbrev": "NASA", "description": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research. NASA have many launch facilities but most are inactive. The most commonly used pad will be LC-39B at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.", "administrator": "Administrator: Bill Nelson", "founding_year": "1958", "launchers": "Space Shuttle | SLS", "spacecraft": "Orion", "parent": null, "image_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_image_20190207032448.jpeg", "logo_url": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/national2520aeronautics2520and2520space2520administration_logo_20190207032448.png" }, "profile_image": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/mark2520t.2520vande2520hei_image_20181203172617.jpg", "profile_image_thumbnail": "https://thespacedevs-prod.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/media/images/255bauto255d__image_thumbnail_20240305190800.jpeg", "flights_count": 2, "landings_count": 2, "spacewalks_count": 4, "last_flight": "2021-04-09T07:42:41Z", "first_flight": "2017-09-12T21:17:02Z" }, { "id": 58, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/astronaut/58/?format=api", "name": "Vladimir Aksyonov", "status": { "id": 2, "name": "Retired" }, "type": { "id": 2, "name": "Government" }, "in_space": false, "time_in_space": "P11DT20H11M47S", "eva_time": "P0D", "age": 89, "date_of_birth": "1935-02-01", "date_of_death": null, "nationality": "Russian", "bio": "Aksyonov was selected as cosmonaut on 3 March 1973. He was awarded the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union on two occasions. He retired on 17 October 1988.\r\n\r\nFlew as Flight Engineer on Soyuz 22 and Soyuz T-2.", "twitter": null, "instagram": null, "wiki": null, "agency": { "id": 63, "url": "https://ll.thespacedevs.com/2.2.0/agencies/63/?format=api", "name": "Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS)", "featured": true, "type": "Government", "country_code": "RUS", "abbrev": "RFSA", "description": "The Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos, is the governmental body responsible for the space science program of the Russian Federation and general aerospace research. 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